Impact of Modernization on Polity “That institution in society that arranges for the distribution of power.”

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Presentation transcript:

Impact of Modernization on Polity “That institution in society that arranges for the distribution of power.”

Power & Authority Max Weber ▫Power  The ability to have one’s own will prevail, even in the face of opposition from others ▫Authority  Legitimate power  Consent of the governed

Power & Authority Types of Authority (Weber) ▫Charismatic  Unique personal power of exceptional individuals ▫Traditional  Received from the past  Conferred by birthright or higher authority  Often unlimited ▫Rational-Legal (dominant in modern world)  Incumbent in the office, not the person

Power & Authority  Power by law v. tradition  Restricted by explicit, universal, impersonal rules ▫To what do people consent?

From Feudalism to the Nation-State Feudalism (Traditional authority) ▫Kingdoms v. nations ▫Areas of land controlled by royalty ▫Territories awarded to princes/vassals  Fiefdoms  In exchange for oath of loyalty to monarch ▫Princes organized armies  Divide up territory among serfs  Oath of loyalty

From Feudalism to the Nation-State System was legitimated by divine right of kings ▫Power "granted by God" ▫Heirs, blood-lines ▫Majority of people  No voice  No mobility Political Revolutions of late 18 th century ▫Revolt against feudalism

From Feudalism to the Nation-State ▫Replaced by the nation-state  Nation: geographically and politically bounded territory  state: organized apparatus of government within that territory Rational-legal authority: the state ▫State: governing body made up of either individuals themselves or their elected representatives ▫State embodies, carries out, "will of the people"

C. Wright Mills Power vastly enhanced, centralized Important decisions made by the “Power Elite” ▫Leaders drawn from economic, military, political sectors ▫Interlocking boards of directors ▫Shared backgrounds, social-psychological orientation Demise of democracy _embedded (Eisenhower) _embedded