Multicellular life Evolution of multicellular life Animal tissue types

Campbell Fig1.1

Campbell Fig 20.2

Animal tissue types What is a tissue? A cooperative unit of many very similar cells that perform a specific function. Examples –Epithelial –Connective – Muscle –Nervous

Epithelial tissue Covers and lines the body and its parts One surface free, the other bound to basement membrane Tissues are named by –Shape of cells –Number of layers of cells

Epithelial tissue Simple = single layer Stratified = multiple layers Squamous = flat (tiles) Cuboidal = like dice Columnar = like bricks Campbell Fig 20.4

Simple Squamous Simple Cuboidal Lines the lungs In the kidney tubules Campbell Fig 20.4

Stratified Squamous Epithelium Lines the esophagus Campbell Fig 20.4

Ciliated columnar epithelium Lines the air ways in the respiratory system Campbell Fig 20.4

Connective tissue Binds other tissues an provides support matrices Few cells in a nonliving matrix Three fiber types –Collagen fibers –Elastic fibers –Reticular fibers Fibroblasts - cells that produce connective tissue

Loose connective tissue (Areolar) Holds other tissue in place A “binding” material Campbell Fig 20.5A

Other Connective tissues Loose Adipose Blood Fibrous connective Cartilage Campbell Fig 20.5 Bone

Tendons Dense connective tissue that Attaches muscle to bone Like Campbell Fig 30.7

Bone Tissue Osteocytes Haversian canal Lamelle (matrix) Campbell Fig 20.5D

Bone Development

Muscle tissue Functions in movement Bundles of long cells ( muscle fiber= muscle cell) Skeletal muscle –Attached to bones by tendons, produces voluntary movement –Striated unbranched Smooth muscle –Found in walls of digestive tract, produces involuntary movements –Unstriated, spindle shaped Cardiac Muscle –Striated, branched, produces heartbeat

Muscle tissue Campbell 20.6 Smooth muscle Skeletal muscle Cardiac muscle

Responsible for coordinating body activties Neurons are nerve cells Motor neurons are nerves that activate muscles Sensory neurons transmit information Composed of cell body and dendrites Supported by glial cells Nervous Tissue Campbell Fig 28.3A Modified

Nervous Tissue Campbell Fig 28.2

Summary