Ecological Principles Mr. Skirbst Life Science Topic 18.

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Presentation transcript:

Ecological Principles Mr. Skirbst Life Science Topic 18

Ecology

-Greek “oikos” – means household or home

Ecology -Greek “oikos” – means household or home -It is the study of the “households” of Earth

Ecology -Greek “oikos” – means household or home -It is the study of the “households” of Earth -Involves relationships within ecosystems

Ecosystem

-An area where biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) factors interact

Ecosystem -An area where biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) factors interact -Ex. Lake, swamp, river, ocean, forest, field, drop of water, etc.

Community -Biotic part of an ecosystem

Community -Biotic part of an ecosystem -Ex. Plants or animals living together in an area

Niche -The specific role of an organism in an ecosystem

Population

-Group of similar organisms in an area

Population -Group of similar organisms in an area -Ex. All the ants; worms; grass; etc. in an area

Population Density

-Number of organisms per unit area

Population Density -Number of organisms per unit area Density = # organisms/ square units D = N/S

Population Growth

-Related to birth & mortality

Population Growth -Related to birth & mortality -Exponential growth produces a “J-shaped” population curve

Population Graph

Population Growth -Related to birth & mortality -Exponential growth produces a “J-shaped” population curve Competition – struggle for resources (predators, prey, habitat loss)

Population Graph

Energy Flow

-Producers: change sun energy into chemical energy (Ex. Plants and plant-like protists)

Energy Flow -Consumer: change chemical energy to kinetic energy -They “consume” other organisms

Energy Flow -Consumer: change chemical energy to kinetic energy -They “consume” other organisms Primary - herbivores

Energy Flow -Consumer: change chemical energy to kinetic energy -They “consume” other organisms Primary – herbivores Secondary - carnivores or omnivores

Energy Flow -Decomposer: recycle remains of other organisms

Energy Flow -Energy Pyramid: shows flow of energy from one level to another Producers Primary Consumer Secondary Consumer Decomposers Tertiary Consumer

Energy Flow -Food Chain: transfer of energy from one organism to another

Energy Flow -Food Chain: transfer of energy from one organism to another

Energy Flow -Food Chain: transfer of energy from one organism to another

Energy Flow -Food Chain: transfer of energy from one organism to another

Energy Flow -Food Web: overlapping food chains

Population Graph Create a population graph with the data: Year:Population:

Population Graph TIME (Years) POPULATION (Individuals) Name, Date

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