Hydrologic Modeling David R. Maidment, Oscar Robayo, Venkatesh Merwade, Carlos Patino, Nate Johnson, Sergio Martinez, Tim Whiteaker, Dan Obenour Center for Research in Water Resources University of Texas at Austin

Hydrologic Information Systems Modeling Geodatabase A hydrologic information system is a combination of geospatial and temporal hydrologic data with hydrologic models that supports hydrologic practice, science and education

Database Geo HMS Geo RAS Interface Programs HMS RAS GIS GIS Preprocessors for Hydrologic Models

HMS IDM RAS IDM Interface data models HMS RAS GIS Geo Database Arc Hydro data model Connecting Arc Hydro and Hydrologic Models

HMS IDM Interface data models HMS RAS GIS Geo Database Arc Hydro data model GeoRAS Connecting Arc Hydro and Hydrologic Models GeoHMS RAS IDM

Development of a Geographic Framework for an Integrated Flood Modeling System David Maidment Oscar Robayo Tim Whiteaker Dan Obenour August, 2004 University of Texas at Austin Center for Research in Water Resources Department of Civil Engineering By

Regional Storm Water Modeling Program and Master Plan for San Antonio City of San Antonio

Modeling System Rainfall Data: Rain gages Nexrad Calibration Data: Flows Water Quality Geospatial Data: City, County SARA, other Floodplain Management Integrated Regional Water Resources planning Capital Improvement Planning Flood Forecasting Water quality planning San Antonio Regional Watershed Modeling System “Bring the models together”

Objectives Develop a geographically integrated flood modeling system using ArcGIS and the HEC models using Salado Creek in San Antonio as a case study Drive this system with digital rain maps to generate flood maps Store and generate HEC flood models from an ArcGIS geodatabase Develop a scenario management system to generate and evaluate alternative plans

Objectives Develop a geographically integrated flood modeling system using ArcGIS and the HEC models using Salado Creek in San Antonio as a case study Drive this system with digital rain maps to generate flood maps Store and generate HEC flood models from an ArcGIS geodatabase Develop a scenario management system to generate and evaluate alternative plans

NEXRAD WSR-88D Radars in Central Texas (Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler) scanning range = 230 km Source: PBS&J, 2003 EWX – NEXRAD Radar in New Braunfels

Digital Rain Maps from National Weather Service (03/04/2004)

Digital Rain Maps from National Weather Service (03/29/2004)

FEMA 100-year flood plain map in Bexar County

Reading Historical Archives of NEXRAD Datasets from Internet FTP Server Local Internet

Real-Time NEXRAD Datasets from Web Services

Design Rainfall Maps 100yr 24h 100yr 06h 100yr 12h

Regional Watershed Modeling System Case Study Rosillo Creek watershed Arc Hydro Geodatabase for whole watershed HEC-HMS hydrology model for whole watershed HEC-RAS hydraulic model for Rosillo Creek Salado Creek watershed Components: Bexar County

Arc Hydro and HEC-HMS Arc Hydro Schematic Network HEC-HMS Hydrologic Model Calculates Flows

Arc Hydro and HEC-RAS Arc Hydro Channel Cross Sections HEC-RAS Hydraulic Model Calculates Water Surface Elevations

HEC Data Storage System (DSS) (binary data file system shared by HEC models) An exact replica of the binary DSS files is stored in the ArcGIS geodatabase An Arc 9 Toolbox exchanges data between DSS and the geodatabase Time series catalog Many time series

Flow Change Points Models communicate with one another through Arc Hydro at designated points

Information Flow HEC-RAS HEC-HMS Rainfall Flood Elevations Streamflow

Nexrad Map to Flood Map in Arc 9 Model Builder FLO ODP LAIN MAP Flood map as output Model for flood flow Model for flood depth HMS Nexrad rainfall map as input

Map to Map Demo

Objectives Develop a geographically integrated flood modeling system using ArcGIS and the HEC models using Salado Creek in San Antonio as a case study Drive this system with digital rain maps to generate flood maps Store and generate HEC flood models from an ArcGIS geodatabase Develop a scenario management system to generate and evaluate alternative plans

Interface data models HMS RAS WRAP GIS Geo Database Arc Hydro data model Connecting Arc Hydro and Hydrologic Models

HMS filesHMS IDM RAS IDM RAS files HEC Interface Data Models

ArcCatalog Views

IDM Arc Hydro Compliance Arc Hydro connectivity and naming conventions Arc Hydro Geodatabase HydroID IDM Geodatabase FeatureID HEC Program files Element NamesHMSCode

Constant Loss Rate (inches/hour) Llano at Junction Model Rainfall lost to infiltration

Snyder Time to Peak (hours) Llano at Junction Model Time to Peak

Modified Puls Storage (ac-ft) Llano at Junction Model Storage required to produce 5000 cfs flow

XML-Based Data Exchange Platform Independent Application Independent Ready to share with many third party applications Updates do not require code recompilation

Objectives Develop a geographically integrated flood modeling system using ArcGIS and the HEC models using Salado Creek in San Antonio as a case study Drive this system with digital rain maps to generate flood maps Store and generate HEC flood models from an ArcGIS geodatabase Develop a scenario management system to generate and evaluate alternative plans

Preliminary Interface Data Model for HSPF Nate Johnson & David Maidment ESRI User’s Conference San Diego, CA August 8, 2004

Preliminary Geodatabase for HSPF IDM: Interface Data Model for HSPF Arc Hydro Intermediate To BASINS (demo)

GenScn is a open source, public domain program distributed with the USEPA’s BASINS software Primarily designed for postprocessing timeseries data from HSPF models GenScn: Generalized Scenario Management Links Geospatial data (shapefiles) to Timeseries data and allows users to interact with the data

Organizing and selecting timeseries that describe geospatial data –Timeseries are organized around 3 key attributes: Location (can be linked to geospatial data) Scenario (can be used for scenario management) Constituent (what the timeseries describes) (demo)

Animating Timeseries linked to geospatial data

Arc Hydro and GenScn –CRWR has worked on reading Arc Hydro timeseries into GenScn’s representation to make it available to GenScn’s tools –When completed, will also facilitate the transfer of timeseries from Arc Hydro format to.wdm, and vice versa –.wdm is the time series format used by EPA Basins systems

Instream Flow Studies Instream Flow Decision Making Hydrodynamic Model Habitat Descriptions Habitat Model ArcGIS SMS/RMA2 Biological Data Collection Depth & velocity Species groups Criterion

Habitat Modeling Velocity + Depth + Habitat Description

Mesohabitat Output Mesohabitat output for m 3 /s.

Priority segments are 100s of miles long Representative reaches (study areas) are only a few (<5) miles long Priority Segments in Texas for Instream Flow Studies

Bathymetry of the Brazos River

Data representation Points Profile lines and cross-sections

3D CrossSections and ProfileLines

River Channel Morphology Model 1.Get the shape (blue line or DOQ) 2.Using the shape, locate the thalweg 3.Using thalweg location, create cross-sections 4.Network of cross-sections and profile lines 123 4

Normalizing the data Z d nLnL nRnR ZdZd P(n i, z i ) w = n L + n R For any point P(n i,z i ), the normalized coordinates are: n* = (n i – n L )/w z* = (Z – z i )/d For n L = -15, n R = 35, d = 5, Z=10 P (10, 7.5) becomes P new (0.5, 0.5)

Cross-sections as beta pdfs  eta c/s = (  eta1 +  eta2) * k  1 =5,  1 =2,  2 =3,  2 =3, factor = 0.5  1 =2,  1 =2,  2 =3,  2 =7, factor = 0.6 Create beta cross-sections for different thalweg locations

Hydraulic Geometry Relationships Hydraulic geometry relationships for Brazos River at Richmond. Hydraulic geometry relate flow with channel width, depth, and velocity. Channel measurements can be downloaded from USGS website. (

Brazos River in Texas

River Channel Demo Show the Brazos basin and priority instream flow segments in the basin Select a reach miles) along the Lower Brazos river For the selected reach, use the RCMM toolbar to 1.Generate thalweg using the channel boundary 2.Generate cross-sections using the thalweg 3.Generate profile-lines using the cross-sections Show the 3D river channel form generated by RCMM in ArcScene

Water Management Information System for the Rio Grande/Rio Bravo Basin Carlos Patino Daene McKinney David Maidment August, 2004

Collaboration between USA- Mexico Cooperation of –CRWR (Center for Research in Water Resources) of the University of Texas at Austin, –CNA (Mexican National Water Commission), and –IMTA (Mexican Institute of Water Technology) Has resulted in the development of an Arc Hydro geodatabase for the Rio Grande/Bravo basin A one-stop shop for geospatial and temporal water resources information for the basin Training materials in english and spanish on GIS Hydro 2004

Mexico: 7 Hydrologic subregions (228,000 km 2 ) USA: 9 Hydrologic Subregions (327,000 km 2, closed basins included ) Total Area: 555,000 km 2

Digital Elevation Model for Each Subregion

RIO GRANDE DEMO Showing the hydrological subregions Network Tracing analyst Showing the relationships among HydroJunction, monitoring points, Watersheds, and HydroEdges (Use HydroJunction ) Showing the time series related to La Boquilla dam.