CHAPTER 18 Urban Growth and Farm Protest, Web

The New Urban Society Immigrants and internal migration caused population explosion in cities Jane Adams and Hull house Suburbs, skyscrapers, and tenements change cities New services are needed Immigration created new ethnic communities Ellis Island Prejudice and intolerance of immigrants increase Political machines control local politics Boss Tweed

Growth of Cities, 1860 and 1900

The Diminishing Rights of Minority Groups Indian religious movement, the “Ghost Dance” Wovaka Wounded Knee Massacre Mexican Americans in Southwest clash with whites over land use Las Gorra Blancas Chinese Exclusion Act illustrates prejudice in West African Americans discrimination nationwide, but worse in South Plessy v. Ferguson

Indian Reservations, 1875 and 1900

Photo of lynching c. 1880s-90s

A Victorian Society Relations between sexes strictly controlled, at least in public Strict moral code governs a patriarchal society Religion plays central role in families Sports enthrall Americans Spectator sports include football and boxing John L. Sullivan and Gentleman Jim Corbett Active sport of choice is bicycling

Voices of Protest and Reform Edward Bellamy and “Nationalism” Social Gospel brings religion to slum areas To Christianize and to minister to basic needs With free time, middle class women spearhead reform efforts Woman’s Christian Temperance Movement General Federation of Women’s Clubs National Woman Suffrage Association

Looking Outward: Foreign Policy in the Early 1890s External markets become more important with closing of frontier Americans fear being left behind by European nations Alfred Thayer Mahan United States works to improve relations with neighbors to South, hoping to build canal Tensions in Hawaii grow due to American manipulation of economy Kalakua and Liliuokalani White control after February, 1893

The Angry Farmers Democrats play on people’s fears to win Congress Farmers organize politically Farmers’ Alliance Colored Farmers’ National Alliance Populist Party emerges as political arm of Alliance Populists support Free Silver Started off poorly

Presidential Election of 1892 Benjamin Harrison versus Grover Cleveland Homestead Strike Cleveland wins second non-consecutive term America redefines itself in Chicago World’s Columbian Exposition Exposition lauded American accomplishments Frederick Jackson Turner Closing of the American frontier Web

Election of 1892 ©2004 Wadsworth, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning ™ is a trademark used herein under license.

Discussion Questions What were conditions like for the industrial worker in the cities in the late 1800s? What problems did the cities of the late 19th century face? What solutions evolved and were created to resolve these problems? Follow the rise of the Populist Party. What political and social value did it bring to America? Explain how and why the United States became an overseas power in the 1890s?