The Periodic Table & Periodic Law CHAPTER 5

The Periodic Table Continued  In 1872, Dmitri Mendeleev developed the first periodic table based on increasing atomic mass

Dmitri Mendeleev

Periodic Table Continued  Activity: Look at the periodic table. Is it still based on increasing atomic mass?  Te, I  The modern periodic table is based on increasing atomic number

Periodic Table Continued € In 1913, Henry Moseley (British) arranged the table according to atomic number

The Modern Periodic Table

There are metals, nonmetals, and metalloids on the periodic table. Are there the most metals, nonmetals, or metalloids???

Classify the following elements as metals, nonmetals, or metalloids: Si F N H Ca K Mn As

What is the difference in properties between metals and nonmetals? Take 5 min. and look in your book and find as many comparisons between metals and nonmetals as you can.

Comparison of Metals & Nonmetals Properties of Metals and Nonmetals MetalsNonmetals Bright metallic lusterNon-lustrous, various colors Solids are easily deformed (ductile & malleable) Solids may be hard or soft, usually brittle Good conductors of heat & electricity Poor conductors of heat and electricity Loosely held valence electrons Tightly held valence electrons Form positive ionsForm negative ions Like to lose electronsLike to gain electrons

The Modern Periodic Table The Modern Periodic Table is divided into: A. Periods: horizontal rows of elements There are 7 periods

Parts of the Periodic Table B. Vertical columns are called Groups or Families There are 18 groups Groups are numbered in two ways: 1-18 Or 1A, 2A, 3A, 4A, 5A, 6A, 7A, 8A

Groups/Families Elements in the same groups share similar physical and chemical properties (super duper important)

Activity H, C, O, Al, Si, F, Cl, Na, Mg, Ca, Li, Ba, P, N  Based on what you have learned about the properties of elements, develop a way to classify the following elements:

Names of Families Group 1: Alkali Metals Very Reactive INTRODUCTION TO PROPERTIES OF ALKALI METALS (brianiac video clip) INTRODUCTION TO PROPERTIES OF ALKALI METALS Group 2: Alkaline Earth Metals Fairly reactive

Families Continued Group 7A: Halogens Very reactive Group 8A: Noble Gases UNREACTIVE Generally do not form compounds

Families Continued Lanthanides: Elements Actinides: Elements Most of these are rare Many are synthetic (man-made) Many are radioactive

COOLEST SONG EVER Mike Stanfill, Private Hand - Flash Animation - The Elements, by Tom Lehrer Mike Stanfill, Private Hand - Flash Animation - The Elements, by Tom Lehrer

IT ’ S COLORING TIME!!! HANDOUT for coloring Periodic table Navigating the periodic table Family ties

ION = an atom that has lost or gained electrons If it loses electrons it becomes POSITIVE If it gains electrons it becomes negative. What is an ion?

Build an atom smart board example

Why would an atom want to lose or gain electrons? To become more stable! Having a full energy level is more stable than a partially filled one. Examples: – K – N – Cl

How many electrons were lost or gained in the following ions? How many total electrons are in the atom now? O -2 Cl -1 Na +1 Ca +2 Al +3

How do we know what the charge is going to be when an atom becomes an ion? The periodic table!! How many electrons do they all need to lose to become more stable? So, what is the charge for ALL elements in group 1 going to be? +1