Introduction to Psychology

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Presentation transcript:

Introduction to Psychology Chapter 1 What is Psychology?

Partner Discussion What is psychology? Why is psychology an important field of study? What are some “real-world” ways we use psychology? What are some psychological topics you have heard of in the media, books, personal experience?

What is Psychology? The science of behavior and mental processes Can involve both humans and animals Systematic method to reduce chance of reaching false conclusions Basic research Applied research

Why psychology? To gain insight into behavior why people act the way they do To acquire practical information can use in everyday life Goals: Describe behavior Explain behavior Predict future behavior Influence future behavior

Philosophy and Psychology Interactive dualism: Descartes (17th Century) Inheritable traits: Sir Francis Galton (19th Century) Nature v. Nurture (interaction) Influence of physiology

Foundations Wilhelm Wundt (1800s) William James – Functionalism Emphasized experimental methods to psych Opened 1st psych lab Edward Titchener – Structuralism Studied the most basic structures of conscious experiences Introspection William James – Functionalism Studied the purpose (function) of behavior and mental processes Gestalt – “whole” more important than parts (optical illusions, Roosevelt poster)