INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS Prep E-MBA – 2012 Javed Ahmed Assistant Professor Sukkur IBA

Pre-requisite of this course  Nothing  Design for the fresh students, who never heard about the computers.

Course Objectives  To give the basic information about computer system.  To give the knowledge about computer hardware and computer software.  Effective and Efficient use of Internet  To familiarize students with the use of MS Windows.  To familiarize students with the use of MS Office  To give basic concepts of Operating system, networking and databases.

Recommended Books  Microsoft Office 2010: Introductory Concepts and Techniques  Author : Shelly Vermaat  Introduction to computers Seventh Edition.  Author: Peter Norton  Lecture Handouts  LAB Manual

Course Modules  This course includes four modules.  Basic concepts of Computer (Module I)  MS Office 2007 (Module III) MS Word 2007 MS Excel 2007 MS Power point 2007  Internet (Module IV)

Computer’s Simple Definition Computer is an electronic machine, that takes input, then processes and finally gives output. Input - Process - Output Computer is an electronic machine which converts data into information. Data : Before processing Information: After Processing

Parts of Computer

Computer

Computer Basics  Hard ware  Tangible / touchable components  Body of the computer  Software  Intangible components  Soul of the computer

Parts o f C omputer There are three Parts of computer, which are;  Input Parts:  Through which data is entered.  Processing Parts:  Through which input is converted into output.  Output Parts:  Through which we can see our required output.

Computer Basics Hardware  System Unit  Input devices  Keyboard  Mouse  Output devices (Display)  Monitor  LCD

Computer Basics  Processing devices  CPU  Storage devices  RAM  Hard Disk  Floppy or other removable Disks  CD ROM / DVD ROM

System Unit  A metal case  Houses the internal components of the computers  May be Desktop or Tower

Central Processing Unit (CPU)  Brain of the CPU  Performs calculations  Plugs into the motherboard  Holds the internal circuitry of the computer and slots.

Keyboard  Primary input device  Collection of number of special keys

Mouse  Pointing input device  Actions  Click  Double click  Drag and drop

Computer Basics Software  System software  Provide interface between user and computer  Application software  Software designed to perform a particular task  Utilities  Small programs

Pros and Cons of Computer  Pros of Computer:  Speed  Accuracy  Powerful Memory  Communication

Pros and Cons of Computer  Cons of Computer  IQ (Intelligent Quotient)  Feeling  Violation of privacy  Impact on labor force  Health Risks

Computer Science & IT  Computer Technology  Hardware (Tangible parts of the computer)  Software (Intangible parts of the computer)

Information Technology  Computer Technology  Hardware  Software  Communication Technology  Transferring of SMS, MMS, voice, Pictures, Video files and Audio files from on device to another.

Classification o f C omputer  According to Purpose  Special Purpose Computers  General Purpose Computers  According to Size  Micro Computers  Mini Computers  Main Frame Computers  Super Computers  According to Function  Analog Computers  Digital Computers  Hybrid Computers

Types of Micro Computers  Desktop Computers  Workstations  Notebook computers  Tablet Computers  Handheld Computers  Smart Phones

Desktop computers  The most common type of computer  Sits on the desk or floor  Performs a variety of tasks

Workstations  Specialized computers  Optimized for science or graphics  More powerful than a desktop

Notebook computers  Small portable computers  Weighs between 3 and 8 pounds  About 8 ½ by 11 inches  Typically as powerful as a desktop  Also called Laptop

Tablet computers  Tablet computers  Newest development in portable computers  Input is through a pen

Handheld computers  Very small computers  Personal Digital Assistants (PDA)  contact management  Data can synchronize with a desktop

Smart phones  Hybrid of cell phone and PDA  Web surfing, access

A smart phone is an Internet-enabled telephone that usually provides PDA capabilities

Computers in Society Computers are widely used in Home Business Entertainment Communication Education Government organization Health care institutes etc

Information Processing Cycle  Steps followed to process data  Input  Processing  Output  Storage

Units of Data 1 Bit=0, 1 I Byte=8 Bits 1 KB=1024 Bytes 1 MB=1024 KB 1 GB=1024 MB 1 TB=1024 GB

Conversion of different Units  If we want to convert the lower unit into upper unit then we have to apply the rule of division, other wise we have to apply the rule of multiplication. Summary Lower Unit To Upper Unit (Division) Upper Unit to Lower Unit (Multiplication)

Conversion Examples Example No. 1: How many mega bytes (MB) are there in 2048 kilo Bytes (KB)? Solution: 2048 KB = ? MB 2048 / 1024 = 2 MB

Conversion Examples Example No. 2: How many kilo bytes are there in 2 mega bytes? Solution: 2 MB = ? KB 2 X 1024 = 2048 KB

Elements of Computer  Software  Hardware Types of Software 1. System Software 2. Application Software

System Software  Operating System: It’s a resource manager. The bridge between the user and computer hardware.  Utility Programs: It provide those services, which are not provided by the operating system.  Language Translators: It converts high level language into machine language.

Operating System  Functions of Operating System Booting Provide User Interface Task Management File Management Memory Management  Types of Operating System Single user single tasking operating system Single user multi tasking operating system Multi user multi tasking operating system Multi-processing operating system

Utility Programs  Data Recovery Utility  Backup Utility  Defragmentation Utility  Data Compression Utility  Virus Protection Utility

Language Translators  Compiler  Interpreter  Assembler

Questions