E-rate, Net Neutrality, Municipal Broadband* Bob Bocher Wisconsin State Library — * Aug 21 note: A version of these slides were part a 2006 ALA conference program. Washington Office Breakout Battle for the Internet: Telecom Policy Debate & Libraries

2 E-rate Update  Libraries continue to struggle  FCC taking comprehensive review (NPRM)  ALA recommends Overall program simplification; –Streamlined application process; eliminate 3 of 4 forms Discounts go directly to schools and libraries Use state/local bidding and procurement processes  Legislative issues  ADA  Universal Service Fund

3 Net Neutrality Net Neutrality: The delivery of any content or use of any service is done in a neutral fashion. That is, there is not a preferential structure that favors some providers of content or services to the detriment of other providers. Essential Features of Internet Neutrality 1.Nondiscriminatory routing of packets and peering of backbone networks. 2.User control and choice on using current and new services.

4 Net Neutrality  In the past, the underlying telco network was neutral (by law) in relation to content  Different regulatory between conduits and content  Brand X decision changed this  Telco network is now unregulated, raising neutrality issues  Net Neutrality:  Supported by most content providers  Opposed by most telco and cable providers

5 Net Neutrality Impact on Libraries  Libraries are content providers  Libraries do not have deep pockets  Decision: Speed of access vs. quality of content?  Impact on:  Digital divide, equity of access  Diversity of opinion Libraries, schools, colleges, and non-profit groups face threats to their ability to provide equal access to online information and new technology services may be compromised. –Michael Gorman, ALA President

6 Municipal Broadband  U.S. is 16 th in broadband subscribers  Municipalities offer broadband access to businesses, residents, schools, libraries, etc.  Often promoted when there’s no private sector alternative, or alternative is too costly President Bush has called for universal, affordable access for broadband technology by –April 2004

7 Municipal Broadband  Opposed by most ILECs and cable providers  Unfair competition  Too risky  Joint public/private partnerships in some areas  ALA’s position: Municipalities should have options on how to address this need