MANAGEMENT – ROLES & RESPONSIBILITIES

Learning Objectives List the key duties of managers Describe the main perspective on leadership State the strength and weakness of leadership Identify the primary approaches to managerial development and education

The Manager’s Role Manager role is plans,organizes,direct and controls on proprietors or undertaking establishment of organizations The three main hierarchical levels : Top management Middle management First level or supervisory management

Managers jobs can be described in 3 important roles : Interpersonal roles The 3 key function : a. figurehead b. liaison c. leader Informational roles The 3 function : a. monitor b. disseminator c. spokesperson

3. Decision making roles The 4 functions : a. entrepreneur b. disturbance-handler c. resource allocator d. negotiator

Management and Leadership The personal characteristics approach to leadership Fleishman (1969) identify 2 classes behavior as effective leadership: Consideration Initiating structure Gastil (1994), there are 3 elements of democratic leadership : Maximising participation & involvement of group members Empowerment Facilitating group decision making

In 1960s, leadership characteristics is universal theories & the most known is Blake & Moutons (1969) for Managerial Grid. The grid has 4 different styles of management: Team management Country club management Task management Impoverished management

The leader-follower situation approach Ker (1974) applied framework that have 3 situational contingencies / variables: Subordinate considerations Superior consideration Task consideration Fiedler identified 3 aspect of a work situation, determined the effectiveness leadership ; The leader-follower relationship Task structure The leader’s formal position and power

The contextual approach to leadership Features : James Burns (1978) Book : Leadership He produced 2 basic organization states/contexts: Convergent – style management is transactional Divergent – style management is transformational

Managerial Learning and Adaptation There are 4 factors can be discerned in enabling managers successfully to align organizations, context & style leadership: Managers past experience The managers learning style Do they perceive the whole picture? Is the organizational context amenable ?

Summary The quality and role of manager was matter for organizations Managers have to rely far less on their personality than on their business knowledge The role manager is to ensure all available options and choices are identified