24.2: War in Europe OBJECTIVE: Learn about the causes of WWII.

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Presentation transcript:

24.2: War in Europe OBJECTIVE: Learn about the causes of WWII. Identify the reasons for appeasement and its failure.

British Prime Ministers Neville Chamberlain & Winston Churchill COMPARE AND CONTRAST THEIR RESPONSES TO HITLER http://www.24hourmuseum.org.uk/content/images/2005_1053.JPG http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/war/wwtwo/images/churchill_neville_chamberlain.jpg

Timeline of Appeasement 11/1937 Hitler declares need for “lebensraum” 3/1938 Hitler orders invasion of Austria #1 Spr. 1938 Hitler menaces Sudetenland #2, Czechoslovakia 9/30/1938 Munich Pact Neville Chamberlin of UK and Daladier of France try appeasement and “give” Sudetenland to Germany. Winston Churchill makes unheeded protest. 3/15/1939 Germany invades Czechoslovakia Spr. 1939 Hitler menaces Poland 8/23/1939 Hitler and Stalin sign nonaggression pact #3 9/1/1939 Hitler invades Poland with blitzkrieg #4

DESCRIPTION/SIGNIFICANCE IDENTIFY THE MAJOR EVENTS LEADING TO WORLD WAR II IN EUROPE IN SECTION 24.2 EVENT DATE DESCRIPTION/SIGNIFICANCE Union w/ Austria

Map: German and Italian Expansion, 1933-1942 Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Blitzkrieg =“lightning war” STRATEGY: to shock enemy troops with force and speed of your forces TACTICS: Dive-bombers and long-range artillery hit key targets: bridges, bases, airfields, roads and railroads Paratroopers drop behind enemy lines to cause confusion and disrupt communications Tanks and motorized infantry make strong thrust along central axis of attack. Regular infantry fans out from main axis to consolidate and secure gains OUTCOME: Fixed defensive positions become a liability, rather than an advantage  NO MORE TRENCHES!!!

Map: The German Advance, 1939-1942 Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

The Fall of France Poland falls in 3 weeks. PHONY WAR begins #5 Netherlands, Belgium, & Luxembourg by May 1940. Germans by-pass Maginot Line. Allied forces are cut-off. Mrashall Petain makes separate peace with Hitler, “Vichy” regime in Southern France. France falls June 1940. #6 Remnants of French and UK forces, approx. 340,000, escape at Dunkirk. Gen. Charles de Gaulle leads French troops/govt. in exile. http://www.damninteresting.com/wp-content/maginot.JPG http://www.sitemaps.com/Custom_Map_Design/Historical/Maginot_Line.jpg

Evacuation at Dunkirk, France June 1940 http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Evacuation_@_dunkirk_chaos.jpg

The Blitz RESULT: China falls to Japan. Finland Falls to Russia. Spain falls to Franco. Czechoslovakia, Austria, Poland, Denmark, Norway, & France fall to Germany. After the disaster at Dunkirk, only Britain remains to resist totalitarianism in Europe. http://www.historychannel.com/broadband/clipview/index.jsp?id=tdih_0311

Battle of Britain #7 Summer 1940, Germany prepares to invade UK British navy blocks sea, therefore Germany attacks by air with Luftwaffe Bombed London constantly for 2 months UK has radar, able to use its Royal Air Force to repel invasion http://www.raf.mod.uk/bob1940/images/spit_3vw.gif http://news.bbc.co.uk/furniture/in_depth/uk/2000/battle_of_britain/battle_intro_map.gif

We Shall Fight on the Beaches -Winston Churchill June 4, 1940 House of Commons Even though large tracts of Europe and many old and famous States have fallen or may fall into the grip of the Gestapo and all the odious apparatus of Nazi rule, we shall not flag or fail. We shall go on to the end, we shall fight in France, we shall fight on the seas and oceans, we shall fight with growing confidence and growing strength in the air, we shall defend our Island, whatever the cost may be, we shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills; we shall never surrender, and even if, which I do not for a moment believe, this Island or a large part of it were subjugated and starving, then our Empire beyond the seas, armed and guarded by the British Fleet, would carry on the struggle, until, in God's good time, the New World, with all its power and might, steps forth to the rescue and the liberation of the old. http://www.historychannel.com/broadband/clipview/index.jsp?id=v3t4

DESCRIPTION/SIGNIFICANCE IDENTIFY THE MAJOR EVENTS LEADING TO WORLD WAR II IN EUROPE IN SECTION 24.2 EVENT DATE DESCRIPTION/SIGNIFICANCE Union w/ Austria Bargaining for the Sudetenland USSR declares neutrality Blitzkrieg in Poland The Phony War Fall of France Battle of Britain