© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill Chapter 14 The Victim: Helping Those In Need 1.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
1 Helping crime victims recover from crime related costs.
Advertisements

REPORTING VIOLATIONS OF PROBATION
Walter A. McNeil, Secretary Florida Department of Corrections Criminal and Civil Justice Policy Council February 3, 2009.
Domestic violence and criminal law in Ukraine – critical aspects Halyna Fedkovych West Ukrainian Center Womens Perspectives Lviv, Ukraine.
Your community legal clinic 158 George Street, Level 1 Belleville, ON K8N 3H2 Tele: (613) Toll Free: Fax: (613) TTY: (613)
HITECH ACT Privacy & Security Requirements Cathleen Casagrande Privacy Officer July 23, 2009.
Victim/Witness Assistance Division Office of the District Attorney, County of Tulare.
Extradition. Interstate also known as rendition. Between states- governor to governor. Most states have adopted the Uniform Criminal Extradition Act. Not.
Criminal Law and Procedure LWB 232 Week 13 - Sentencing dispositions.
Sandra Abbott th ST. Suite D Charlottesville, VA Phone: Fax: 434—
1 Overview of the 2003 Prison Rape Elimination Act (PREA) These materials were developed by The Moss Group, Inc.under cooperative agreement #03P21G1Y4.
Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Blowing the Whistle McGraw-Hill.
Sex Offender Registration and Community Notification Meeting The purpose of community notification is to provide information to protect you and your family,
HARASSMENT, INTIMIDATION AND BULLYING POLICY AND PR0CEDURES Irvington Public Schools Staff Training School Year.
VICTIM-WITNESS ASSISTANCE PROGRAM
CONSUMER CREDIT LEGISLATION Carl Johnson Financial Literacy Jenks High School.
Help is Available Military One Source CONUS: OCONUS: To call collect (with operator assistance): OCONUS
CRIME VICTIMS COMPENSATION PROGRAM Fee Schedule Implementation.
Misdemeanor Sanctions
ICAOS Jail Administrator Presentation Presented by: [Revision 3/1/2014]
Sentencing and Punishment
ICAOS Jail Administrator Presentation Presented by: [Revision 5/18/2012]
National Institute of Corrections/ Washington College of Law Elements of Good State Laws July 11-16, 2004.
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education Canada Inc Victimology: The Study of the Victim Chapter 4.
Sentencing Unit 2 Chapter 11.
HUMAN RIGHTS Administering Human Rights Legislation.
Law Enforcement Response. Historically ● Beating one’s wife was not a crime ● Police were not allowed to make arrests in misdemeanor cases - - UNLESS.
Probation A privilege granted by the court to a person convicted of a crime or criminal offense to remain with the community instead of actually going.
Domestication and Implementation Package C The duty to provide redress to victims of torture and other ill treatment © The Article 5 Initiative, 2013.
Pennsylvania Child Protective Services Law: Module 4: Reporting and the Role of the Child Welfare Professional Transfer of Learning The Pennsylvania Child.
AJ 50 – Introduction to Administration of Justice
Overview of the Hernando County School District Anti-Bullying and Harassment Policy January 2009.
The Law Office of Nina Salarno Ashford & Crime Victims United of California presents: Utilizing Marsy’s Law, the four court systems and creative recovery.
Your community legal clinic 158 George Street, Level 1 Belleville, ON K8N 3H2 Tele: (613) Toll Free: Fax: (613) TTY: (613)
Gender Advocacy Programme (GAP). VEP is one of the key programmes of the National Crime Prevention Strategy (launched in January 1999). Four pillars of.
Community Policing. Developed in Response ● To the changes that put police in cars and removed them from neighborhoods ● To understanding that modern.
Woods et al., Professional Front Office Management © 2007 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved. 1 Front Office Manager.
Sentencing and the Presentence Investigation Report
Chapter 12 Parole and Release to the Community 1.
Probation, Parole, and Community Corrections
Prison Rape Elimination Act PREA A Brief Overview.
© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill Chapter 4 Diversion and Probation: How Most Offenders Are Punished 1.
Witness A person who has information or evidence about a crime, and provides that knowledge to a DoD Component representative regarding an offense within.
ICAOS Training 103-Supervision in the Receiving State [Revision 12/1/2014] Be Ready for a Test at the End.
Risk Assessment and Community Notification Mark Bliven, Minnesota Dept. of Corrections Wednesday, Dec 9, 2015 Special Committee on Sex Offenders Connecticut.
1 Defendants and Victims Chapter Nine. 2 Characteristics of Defendants Male –Fewer than 7% of prisoners are female. Mostly Underclass Racial Minorities.
Navigating the Justice System. 4-1  Describe the seven phases of the criminal justice process.  Identify at least two key victims’ rights in each phase.
PROCEDURES IN THE JUSTICE SYSTEM, 8 th ed. Roberson, Wallace, and Stuckey PRENTICE HALL ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ
Overview on Victim Remedy in Singapore CONFIDENTIAL 1 ©2011 MinLaw. All Rights Reserved Sherlyn Neo Senior Assistant Director Ministry of Law 14 August.
Children's rights as Victims of Crime Mandy Young, Director Chris Griffiths, Charter Coordinator.
Sentencing and Punishment Court Systems and Practices.
Employee Training: Requirements for Mandatory Reporting of Child Abuse, Child Neglect, and Sexual Offenses on School Premises Involving Students
Learning with Purpose Sex Offender Policy and Practice in the United States Andrew J. Harris University of Massachusetts Lowell.
TORTS: A CIVIL WRONG Chapter 18. TORTS: A CIVIL WRONG Under criminal law, wrongs committed are called crimes. Under civil law, wrongs committed are called.
OFFICE OF THE GOVERNOR CRIMINAL JUSTICE DIVISION Victim Services.
Virginia RULES Teens Learn & Live the Law Victims’ Rights.
CRIME VICTIMS COMPENSATION PROGRAM Restitution Overview
Victims’ Rights.
Learning Objectives Describe the seven phases of the criminal justice process. Identify at least two key victims’ rights in each phase of the criminal.
C H A P T E R F O U R T E N.
Civilian Victim Assistance
The Colorado Court System
BULLYING AND MORE Presented by Dana Rahman Assistant District Attorney
Victim Witness Assistance Program (VWAP)
Protection Orders.
Administering Human Rights Legislation
Chapter Three Victims and Victimization
The Victim: Helping Those in Need
Navigating the Justice System
Victims’ Rights Law Enforcement I.
Presentation transcript:

© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill Chapter 14 The Victim: Helping Those In Need 1

© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill Victims Victim: Someone who suffers direct or threatened physical, emotional, or financial harm as the result of the commission of a crime. The term victim also includes the immediate family of a minor or homicide victim. Victim: Someone who suffers direct or threatened physical, emotional, or financial harm as the result of the commission of a crime. The term victim also includes the immediate family of a minor or homicide victim. Victims’ Rights: The fundamental rights of victims to be represented equitably throughout the criminal justice process. Victims’ Rights: The fundamental rights of victims to be represented equitably throughout the criminal justice process. 2

© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill Victims’ Rights From a legal perspective, crimes are considered offenses against the state. From a legal perspective, crimes are considered offenses against the state. Until the 1970s, victims had little or no status within the justice system, and victims’ rights were virtually nonexistent. Until the 1970s, victims had little or no status within the justice system, and victims’ rights were virtually nonexistent. The first state-level victims’ rights bill, Wisconsin’s Victims’ Bill of Rights (1980), launched an era of dramatic progress in the victims’ rights movement. The first state-level victims’ rights bill, Wisconsin’s Victims’ Bill of Rights (1980), launched an era of dramatic progress in the victims’ rights movement. 3

© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill Key Federal Legislation The Victim and Witness Protection Act, 1982 The Victim and Witness Protection Act, 1982 Victims of Crime Act, 1984 Victims of Crime Act, 1984 The Victims’ Rights and Restitution Act, 1990 The Victims’ Rights and Restitution Act, 1990 The Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act, 1994 The Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act, 1994 The Community Notification Act (Megan’s Law), 1996 The Community Notification Act (Megan’s Law), 1996 Mandatory Victim Restitution Act, 1996 Mandatory Victim Restitution Act, 1996 The Victims’ Rights Clarification Act, 1997 The Victims’ Rights Clarification Act, 1997 Crime Victims’ Rights Act, 2004 Crime Victims’ Rights Act,

© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill Best Efforts Standard A requirement of the federal Victims’ Rights and Restitution Act of 1990 (also known as the Victims’ Rights Act) mandates that federal law enforcement officers, prosecutors, and corrections officials use their best efforts to ensure that victims receive basic rights and services during their encounters with the criminal justice system. A requirement of the federal Victims’ Rights and Restitution Act of 1990 (also known as the Victims’ Rights Act) mandates that federal law enforcement officers, prosecutors, and corrections officials use their best efforts to ensure that victims receive basic rights and services during their encounters with the criminal justice system. 5

© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill Types of Losses Tangible losses – costs such as medical expenses, lost wages, and property losses that accrue to crime victims as a result of their victimization. Tangible losses – costs such as medical expenses, lost wages, and property losses that accrue to crime victims as a result of their victimization. Intangible losses – costs such as fear, pain, suffering, and reduced quality of life that accrue to crime victims as a result of their victimization. Intangible losses – costs such as fear, pain, suffering, and reduced quality of life that accrue to crime victims as a result of their victimization. 6

© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill Costs of Victimization The annual cost of crime in the U.S. is approximately $450 billion. Tangible losses for medical and mental health care are approximately $18 billion. Tangible losses for damaged or lost property and lost productivity are about $87 billion. Intangible losses for pain, suffering, and reduced quality of life are approximately $345 billion. Insurers pay $45 billion in crime-related claims annually. 7

© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill Notification Victim Notification – notification to victims of the release or pending release of convicted offenders who have harmed them. Victim Notification – notification to victims of the release or pending release of convicted offenders who have harmed them. Community Notification – notification to the community of the release or pending release of convicted offenders. Community Notification – notification to the community of the release or pending release of convicted offenders. The Federal Bureau of Prisons has created one of the nation’s first comprehensive victim notification programs, which has served as a model to the states for over a decade. The Federal Bureau of Prisons has created one of the nation’s first comprehensive victim notification programs, which has served as a model to the states for over a decade. 8

© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill Victim and Witness Protection Every day in the United States, victims and witnesses are harassed, intimidated, and retaliated against by incarcerated offenders, through intimidating phone calls, mail, or threatening visits from friends and associates. Every day in the United States, victims and witnesses are harassed, intimidated, and retaliated against by incarcerated offenders, through intimidating phone calls, mail, or threatening visits from friends and associates. Many correctional agencies have responded creatively to this problem by: Many correctional agencies have responded creatively to this problem by: Revoking offending inmates’ privileges. Revoking offending inmates’ privileges. Transferring inmates to more restrictive incarceration levels. Transferring inmates to more restrictive incarceration levels. Filing new criminal charges. Filing new criminal charges. Enhancing sentences. Enhancing sentences. Annotating inmates’ case files to apprise parole boards of the offense. Annotating inmates’ case files to apprise parole boards of the offense. 9

© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill Crime Impact Classes Educational programs in correctional institutions involving offenders and victims. Educational programs in correctional institutions involving offenders and victims. The programs seek to help offenders understand the devastating impact their crimes have on victims and their families and friends, on their communities, and on themselves and their own families and friends. The programs seek to help offenders understand the devastating impact their crimes have on victims and their families and friends, on their communities, and on themselves and their own families and friends. 10

© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill Victim-Offender Dialogue Primarily used in property crime cases. Primarily used in property crime cases. Gives victims an opportunity to engage in structured talks with their offenders. Gives victims an opportunity to engage in structured talks with their offenders. Offenders have already admitted guilt or have been convicted/adjudicated. Offenders have already admitted guilt or have been convicted/adjudicated. Can be very effective in helping victims overcome feelings of trauma and loss. Can be very effective in helping victims overcome feelings of trauma and loss. 11

© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill The Victimization of Correctional Staff Correctional staff experience a wide range of victimization, including verbal harassment by inmates, sexual harassment by inmates or colleagues, physical or sexual assaults, hostage situations, and murder. Correctional staff experience a wide range of victimization, including verbal harassment by inmates, sexual harassment by inmates or colleagues, physical or sexual assaults, hostage situations, and murder. Correctional agencies have written policies and procedures to respond to staff victimization and critical incidents. Correctional agencies have written policies and procedures to respond to staff victimization and critical incidents. 12

© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill Victim Compensation A form of victim assistance in which state- funded payments are made to victims to help them recover financial losses due to crime. A form of victim assistance in which state- funded payments are made to victims to help them recover financial losses due to crime. Victims generally have three options for recovering crime-related financial losses: Victims generally have three options for recovering crime-related financial losses: state-sponsored compensation programs. state-sponsored compensation programs. court-ordered restitution. court-ordered restitution. civil remedies. civil remedies. 13

© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill Victim Compensation – Continued The first victim compensation programs were established in New Zealand and Great Britain in 1964, based on a concept suggested by British Magistrate Margery Fry in the late 1950s. The first victim compensation programs were established in New Zealand and Great Britain in 1964, based on a concept suggested by British Magistrate Margery Fry in the late 1950s. California created the first U.S. victim compensation program in California created the first U.S. victim compensation program in Today, programs exist in all 50 states, Guam, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Today, programs exist in all 50 states, Guam, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. 14

© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill Victims Of Crime Act Eligibility Requirements: Report the crime promptly, usually within 72 hours. Report the crime promptly, usually within 72 hours. Cooperate with law enforcement agencies in investigating and prosecuting the crime. Cooperate with law enforcement agencies in investigating and prosecuting the crime. Submit a timely application for compensation, generally within one year. Submit a timely application for compensation, generally within one year. Provide other information, as needed. Provide other information, as needed. Cannot file claims for compensation of victimization that resulted from claimant criminal activity or misconduct. Cannot file claims for compensation of victimization that resulted from claimant criminal activity or misconduct. 15

© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill Restitution Repayment to the victim, by the offender, for losses, damages, or expenses that result from crime. Repayment to the victim, by the offender, for losses, damages, or expenses that result from crime. First imposed by the Victim and Witness Protection Act of 1982, which required federal judges to order full restitution in criminal cases or state on the record their reasons for not doing so. First imposed by the Victim and Witness Protection Act of 1982, which required federal judges to order full restitution in criminal cases or state on the record their reasons for not doing so. All states have enacted restitution statutes, most styled after the federal model. All states have enacted restitution statutes, most styled after the federal model. 16

© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill Collecting Restitution Many correctional agencies encourage inmates to fulfill restitution obligations by offering incentives (such as increased privileges or priority enrollment in educational or vocational programs) for compliance, and denying privileges for failure or refusal to pay. Many correctional agencies encourage inmates to fulfill restitution obligations by offering incentives (such as increased privileges or priority enrollment in educational or vocational programs) for compliance, and denying privileges for failure or refusal to pay. Offenders who are truly indigent may be given the option to perform community service in lieu of monetary restitution. Offenders who are truly indigent may be given the option to perform community service in lieu of monetary restitution. 17

© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill Victim Impact Statements An assertion by a victim (and/or friends or relatives of the victim) regarding the crime’s impact on the victim and his/her family. An assertion by a victim (and/or friends or relatives of the victim) regarding the crime’s impact on the victim and his/her family. Upheld under Payne v. Tennessee (1991). Upheld under Payne v. Tennessee (1991). Right of Allocution – a statutory provision permitting crime victims to speak at the sentencing of convicted offenders. Right of Allocution – a statutory provision permitting crime victims to speak at the sentencing of convicted offenders. A federal right of allocution was established for victims of federal violent and sex crimes under the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of A federal right of allocution was established for victims of federal violent and sex crimes under the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of

© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill The Future of Victims’ Rights Enact and enforce consistent, fundamental rights for crime victims in the justice system. Enact and enforce consistent, fundamental rights for crime victims in the justice system. Provide crime victims with access to comprehensive, quality services. Provide crime victims with access to comprehensive, quality services. Integrate crime victims’ issues into all levels of the nation’s education system. Integrate crime victims’ issues into all levels of the nation’s education system. Support, improve, and replicate promising practices in victims’ rights and services. Support, improve, and replicate promising practices in victims’ rights and services. Ensure that the voices of crime victims play a central role in the nation’s response to violence and those victimized by crime. Ensure that the voices of crime victims play a central role in the nation’s response to violence and those victimized by crime. 19