Persuasion and Rhetorical Devices Nonfiction Unit And Persuasive Speeches and Essays

PERSUASION Persuasion is used when the writer or speaker is trying to convince a reader or listener to think or act in a particular way.

PERSUASIVE APPEALS Appeals to Reason/Logic Logical arguments based on verifiable evidence, such as facts, statistics, or expert testimony

PERSUASIVE APPEALS Appeals to Emotion Statements intended to affect listeners’/readers’ feelings about the subject. These statements often include charged language-words with strong positive or negative associations.

Testing Persuasive Appeals Is the author’s argument supported by evidence, or is it based on faulty assumptions? Does the author link ideas clearly or make leaps in logic? Is the argument consistent or contradictory?

RHETORICAL DEVICES Speakers use rhetorical devices to: emphasize their ideas help their listeners to remember the important points arouse an emotional response in an audience

ALLITERATION Alliteration is the repetition of initial consonant sounds. Writers use alliteration to give emphasis to words, to imitate sounds, and to create musical effects. “Once upon a midnight dreary, while I wondered weak and weary,…” “The Raven”-Edgar Allen Poe

ALLITERATION – Guess That Tune! “Sometimes silence can seem so loud” I Believe I Can Fly – R. Kelly “Tonight’s gonna be a good good night” I Gotta Feeling – Black Eyed Peas “She'll forever hold a spot inside my soul” “Sometimes I'll hear that song and I'll start to sing along” All Summer Long – Kid Rock

RHETORICAL QUESTION A Rhetorical Question is a question with an obvious answer. A question that you don’t expect people to answer, but it is a question that makes people THINK!

REPETITION Repetition is expressing different ideas using the same words or images in order to reinforce concepts and unify the speech.

RESTATEMENT Restatement is expressing the same idea in different words to clarify and stress key points.

What’s What? “We will never give up; we will never surrender, we will never be defeated.” “We will never…” is an example of… repetition “Never give up,” “never surrender,” and “never be defeated.” is an example of… restatement

What’s What? “I wanna talk about me, Wanna talk about I Wanna talk about #1” “Wanna talk about” is an example of… -repetition “me”, “I” and “#1” is an example of… -restatement

PARALLELISM Parallelism is the repetition of a grammatical structure or an arrangement of words in order to create rhythm and make words more memorable.

Faulty Parallelism Example faulty parallelism: She revels in chocolate, walking under the moonlight, and songs from the 1930s jazz period.

Better Parallelism good parallelism: She revels in sweet chocolate eclairs, long moonlit walks, and classic jazz music. "She revels in” "sweet chocolate eclairs," [Adjective--Adjective--Object] "long moonlit walks," [Adjective--Adjective--Object] "and classic jazz music." [Adjective--Adjective--Object]

Even Better Parallelism more good parallelism: She loves eating chocolate eclairs, taking moonlit walks, and singing classic jazz. She revels in" "eating chocolate eclairs" [Gerund--Adjective--Object of Gerund] "taking moonlit walks" [Gerund--Adjective--Object of Gerund] "and singing classic jazz." [Gerund--Adjective--Object of Gerund]

Parallelism in Speeches 50e06a9629c3237/Dylan-M-Parallelism 50e06a9629c3237/Dylan-M-Parallelism

EXTENDED METAPHOR In an extended metaphor, as in a regular metaphor, the writer speaks of or writes of a subject as though it were something else. An extended metaphor sustains the comparison for several lines. An analogy is a type of extended metaphor

EXTENDED METAPHOR/ANALOGY “Life is a Highway” There ain’t not load that I can’t haul Roads are rough, this I know I’ll be there when the light come in Just tell em we’re survivin’ Life is a Highway I wanna ride it all night long If you’re going my way, I wanna drive it all night long.

ALLUSION An allusion is a reference to a well-know person, place, event, literary work, or work of art. M8&feature=related M8&feature=related

Thursday, November 6, 2014 Context Obj.: TLW view then write a rhetorical analysis essay. Lyric analysis due today! Annotate (label) the song for examples of Extended Metaphor/Analogy Allusion (2) Parallelism Restatement Repetition Extended Metaphor Alliteration (many) Rhetorical Question See if you can find… Personification Metaphor Simile End Rhyme Cliché

“Shadow Dreams” as Nonfiction If a song could be nonfiction, how could “Shadow of Dreams” be classified as nonfiction? Topic Audience Purpose Voice Style Appeal to Logic Appeal to Emotion