31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 1 Klaus Jungmann, 31 Janur 2003 NuPECC Town Report of Fundamental Interaction Working Group

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 2

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 3 Report of working Group on NuPECC Town Meeting, January 30 – February 1, 2003, GSI H. Abele (D), L. Corradi (I), P. Herczeg (USA), I.B. Khriplovich (RU), O. Nviliat (F), N. Severijns (B), L. Simons (CH), C. Weinheimer (D), H.W. Wilschut (NL) Forces and Symmetries Fundamental Fermions Discrete Symmetries Properties of Known Basic Interactions Recommendations Input by: W. Heil, P. Indelicato, F. Maas, K. Pachucki, R.G Timmermans, C. Volpe, K. Zuber Convener: K. Jungmann (NL) NuPECC Liaison: H. Leeb (A), C. Bargholtz (S)

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 4 fundamental := “ forming a fundation or basis; a principle, law etc. serving as a basis ” [Webbster’s New World]

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 5 ?

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 6 fundamental := “ forming a fundation or basis; a principle, law etc. serving as a basis”  Standard Model Standard Model 3 Fundamental Forces Electromagnetic Weak Strong 12 Fundamental Fermions Quarks, Leptons 13 Gauge Bosons ,W +, W -, Z 0, H, 8 Gluons However However many open questions Why some 30 Parameters? Why CP violation ? Why us? ….. Gravity Gravity not included

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 7 fundamental := “ forming a fundation or basis; a principle, law etc. serving as a basis”  Forces and Symmetries Global Symmetries  Conservation Laws energy momentum electric charge lepton number baryon number ….. Local Symmetries  Forces fundamental interactions

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 8 Fundamental Interactions – Standard Model Physics outside Standard Model Searches for New Physics Physics within the Standard Model

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 9 Neutrinos  Neutrino Oscillations  Neutrino Masses Quarks  Unitarity of CKM Matrix Rare decays  Baryon Number  Lepton Number/Lepton Flavour New Interactions in Nuclear and Muon  -Decay

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 10 Neutrinos  Neutrino Oscillations  Neutrino Masses Quarks  Unitarity of CKM Matrix Rare decays  Baryon Number  Lepton Number/Lepton Flavour New Interactions in Nuclear and Muon  -Decay

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 11 Neutrino-Experiments Recent observations could be explained by oscillations of massive neutrinos. Many Remaining Problems really oscillations ? sensitive to  m 2 Masses of Neutrino Nature of Neutrino Dirac Majorana  Neutrinoless Double  -Decay Direct Mass Measurements are indicated  Spectrometer Superkamiokande SNO

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 12 More to come Cristina Volpe Neutrinos and Nuclear Physics

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 13 Many approaches to neutrinoless double  -decay Are there attempts to collaborate and concentrate ?

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 14 Neutrinos  Neutrino Oscillations  Neutrino Masses Quarks  Unitarity of CKM Matrix Rare decays  Baryon Number  Lepton Number/Lepton Flavour New Interactions in Nuclear and Muon  -Decay

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 15 Unitarity of Cabbibo-Kobayashi-Maskawa Matrix Nuclear  -decays  = (14)  Neutron decay  = (28) CKM Matrix couples weak and mass quark eigenstaes:  Unitarity: 

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 16 Unitarity of Cabbibo-Kobayashi-Maskawa Matrix Nuclear  -decays  = (14)  Neutron decay  = (28) Experimental Possibilities 

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 17 Neutrinos  Neutrino Oscillations  Neutrino Masses Quarks  Unitarity of CKM Matrix Rare decays  Baryon Number  Lepton Number/Lepton Flavour New Interactions in Nuclear and Muon  -Decay

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 18 Muon Experiments Possible at a CERN Neutrino Factory - Expected Improvements Muon Physics Possibilities at Any High Power Proton Driver i.e.  4 MW

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 19 < < < < Muon Physics Possibilities at Any High Power Proton Driver i.e.  4 MW K Jungmann 18-Apr-2001

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 20 Expected Progress in Rare Decays

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 21 Neutrinos  Neutrino Oscillations  Neutrino Masses Quarks  Unitarity of CKM Matrix Rare decays  Baryon Number  Lepton Number/Lepton Flavour New Interactions in Nuclear and Muon  -Decay

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 22 Vector [Tensor] ++ e Scalar [Axial vector] ++ e New Interactions in Nuclear and Muon  -Decay In Standard Model: Weak Interaction is V-A In general  -decay could be also S, P, T

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 23 Parity  Parity Nonconservation in Atoms  Nuclear Anapole Moments  Parity Violation in Electron-Scattering Time Reversal and CP-Violation  Electric Dipole Moments  R and D Coefficients in  -Decay CPT Invariance

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 24 Parity  Parity Nonconservation in Atoms  Nuclear Anapole Moments  Parity Violation in Electron-Scattering Time Reversal and CP-Violation  Electric Dipole Moments  R and D Coefficients in  -Decay CPT Invariance

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 25 More to come Frank Maas Parity Violating Electron Nucleus Scattering

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 26 Parity  Parity Nonconservation in Atoms  Nuclear Anapole Moments  Parity Violation in Electron-Scattering Time Reversal and CP-Violation  Electric Dipole Moments  R and D Coefficients in  -Decay CPT Invariance

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 27 Some EDM Experiments compared 1.6  Hg Many Systems with unique Physics Potential leptons nucleons neutrons protons nuclei light heavy atoms molecules []

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 28 Concept works also for (certain) nuclei Exploit huge motional electric fields for relativistic particles in high magnetic fields; observe spin rotation EDM closely related to non standard magnetic anomaly in many models! Various Activities World Wide

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 29 More to come Werner Heil Searches For Neutron Electric Dipole Moments

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 30 TRV R and D test both Time Reversal Violation D D  most potential R R  scalar and tensor (EDM, a) technique D measurements yield a, A, b, B TRV Time Reversal Violation in  -decay: Correlation measurements

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 31 Parity  Parity Nonconservation in Atoms  Nuclear Anapole Moments  Parity Violation in Electron-Scattering Time Reversal and CP-Violation  Electric Dipole Moments  R and D Coefficients in  -Decay CPT Invariance

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 32 ? m mm r 0 00 K KK || K     avg a | e a e a| avg g | e g e g| e r             CPTbreakb,a μμ Invariance LorentzbreakH,d,c,b,a μν μμ ? Lepton Magnetic Anomalies in CPT and Lorentz Non-Invariant Models CPT tests Are they comparable- Which one is appropriate  Use common ground, e.g. energies Leptons in External Magnetic Field Bluhm, Kostelecky, Russell, Phys.Rev. D 57,3932 (1998) For g-2 Experiments : Dehmelt, Mittleman,Van Dyck, Schwinberg, hep-ph/ μμ qAiiD 0D μ γ 5 γ μν id ν D μ γ μν ic μν σ H 2 1 μ γ 5 γ μ b μ γ μ am μ D μ (iγ equation DIRAC violating Lorentz and CPT generic    ψ ) 2 c l m a Δω l upspin E | l downspin E l upspin E| l r l 3 4b l a ω l a ω a Δω             avg ll 2 l c l a |aa| cm ω r     μ r e r      :: muonelectron CPT CPT – Violation Lorentz Invariance Violation What is best CPT test ? New Ansatz (Kostelecky) K 0  GeV/c 2 n  GeV/c 2 p  GeV/c 2 e-  GeV/c 2 Future: Anti hydrogen  GeV/c 2 often quoted: K 0 - K 0 mass difference ( ) e - - e + g- factors (2* ) We need an interaction with a finite strength !

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 33 Electromagnetism and Fundamental Constants  QED, Lamb Shift  Muonium and Muon g-2  Muonic Hydrogen and Proton Radius  Exotic Atoms  Does  QED vary with time? QCD  Strong Interaction Shift  Scattering Lengths Gravity  Hints of strings/Membranes?

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 34 Electromagnetism and Fundamental Constants  QED, Lamb Shift  Muonium and Muon g-2  Muonic Hydrogen and Proton Radius  Exotic Atoms  Does  QED vary with time? QCD  Strong Interaction Shift  Scattering Lengths Gravity  Hints of strings/Membranes?

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 35 Properties of known Basic Interactions Search for New Physics What are the hardronic corrections? e + +e -  hadrons e + +e -   + hadrons New activities Planned J-PARC Fundamental constants needed Muonium “Proton Radius” Muonic Hydrogen Lamb Shift Pionic Hydrogen Strong Interaction Shift Muon g-2

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 36 More to come Krzysztof Pachucki Modern Questions In Quantum Electrodynamics

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 37 Electromagnetism and Fundamental Constants  QED, Lamb Shift  Muonium and Muon g-2  Muonic Hydrogen and Proton Radius  Exotic Atoms  Does  QED vary with time? QCD  Strong Interaction Shift  Scattering Lengths Gravity  Hints of strings/Membranes?

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 38 Time Variation of  Idea (Webb, Flambaum et al.): Relativistic Corrections to atomic level energies  E rel  Z  2 [(j+1/2) -1 -C(j,l)] i.e. > 0 or < 0, depending on atom and state  Need best possible 187 Re lifetime to exploit Re/Os ratio on meteorites

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 39 The Nature of Neutinos  Oscillations/ Masses/ 0 2  -decay T and CP Violation  edm’s, D (R) coeff. in  -decays, D 0 Rare and Forbidden Decays  0 2  -Decay, n-n bar, M-M bar,  e   3e,  N e Correlations in  -decay  non V-A in  -decay Unitarity of CKM-Matrix  n-,  - , (superallowed  -decays Parity Nonconservation in Atoms  Cs, Fr, Ra CPT Conservation  n, e, p,  Precision Studies within The Standard Model  Constants, QCD,QED, Nuclear Structure Theoretical Support Positions at Universities Experimentalists and Theorists High Power Proton Driver Several MW Target Research Cold and Ultracold Neutrons Low Energy Radioactive Beams Improved Trapping Facilities Underground Facilities Physics Topics Adequate Environment Human resources Facilities

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 40 The Nature of Neutinos  Oscillations/ Masses/ 0 2  -decay T and CP Violation  edm’s, D (R) coeff. in  -decays, D 0 Rare and Forbidden Decays  0 2  -Decay, n-n bar, M-M bar,  e   3e,  N e Correlations in  -decay  non V-A in  -decay Unitarity of CKM-Matrix  n-,  - , (superallowed  -decays Parity Nonconservation in Atoms  Cs, Fr, Ra CPT Conservation  n, e, p,  Precision Studies within The Standard Model  Constants, QCD,QED, Nuclear Structure Theoretical Support Positions at Universities Experimentalists and Theorists High Power Proton Driver Several MW Target Research Cold and Ultracold Neutrons Low Energy Radioactive Beams Improved Trapping Facilities Underground Facilities Physics Topics Adequate Environment Human resources Facilities

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 41 Let’s just do it and finally Let’s discuss it then critically Let’s now learn what we didn’t yet cover

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 42 End of talk presented

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 43 The Nature of Neutinos  Oscillations/ Masses/ 0 2  -decay T and CP Violation  edm’s, D (R) coeff. in  -decays, D 0 Rare and Forbidden Decays  0 2  -Decay, n-n bar, M-M bar,  e   3e,  N e Correlations in  -decay  non V-A in  -decay Unitarity of CKM-Matrix  n-,  - , (superallowed  -decays Parity Nonconservation in Atoms  Cs, Fr, Ra CPT Conservation  n, e, p,  Precision Studies within The Standard Model  Constants, QCD,QED, Nuclear Structure Theoretical Support Positions at Universities Experimentalists and Theorists High Power Proton Driver Several MW clearly indication as future priority needed Target Research starting soon Cold and Ultracold Neutrons Low Energy Radioactive Beams Improved Trapping Facilities Underground Facilities Physics Topics Adequate Environment Human resources Facilities Requires new istallations and major experimental setups

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 44 The Nature of Neutinos  Oscillations/ Masses/ 0 2  -decay T and CP Violation  edm’s, D (R) coeff. in  -decays, D 0 Rare and Forbidden Decays  0 2  -Decay, n-n bar, M-M bar,  e   3e,  N e Correlations in  -decay  non V-A in  -decay Unitarity of CKM-Matrix  n-,  - , (superallowed  -decays Parity Nonconservation in Atoms  Cs, Fr, Ra CPT Conservation  n, e, p,  Precision Studies within The Standard Model  Constants, QCD,QED, Nuclear Structure Theoretical Support Positions at Universities Experimentalists and Theorists High Power Proton Driver Several MW Target Research Cold and Ultracold Neutrons Low Energy Radioactive Beams Improved Trapping Facilities Underground Facilities Physics Topics Adequate Environment Human resources Facilities Moderate upgrades and most of all stable running of present facilities

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 45 The Nature of Neutinos  Oscillations/ Masses/ 0 2  -decay T and CP Violation  edm’s, D (R) coeff. in  -decays, D 0 Rare and Forbidden Decays  0 2  -Decay, n-n bar, M-M bar,  e   3e,  N e Correlations in  -decay  non V-A in  -decay Unitarity of CKM-Matrix  n-,  - , (superallowed  -decays Parity Nonconservation in Atoms  Cs, Fr, Ra CPT Conservation  n, e, p,  Precision Studies within The Standard Model  Constants, QCD,QED, Nuclear Structure Theoretical Support Positions at Universities Experimentalists and Theorists High Power Proton Driver Several MW Target Research Cold and Ultracold Neutrons Low Energy Radioactive Beams Improved Trapping Facilities Underground Facilities Physics Topics Adequate Environment Human resources Facilities Theory is needed to guide all activities No research without well qualified, enthuisiastic people

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 46 The Nature of Neutinos  Oscillations/ Masses/ 0 2  -decay T and CP Violation  edm’s, D (R) coeff. in  -decays, D 0 Rare and Forbidden Decays  0 2  -Decay, n-n bar, M-M bar,  e   3e,  N e Correlations in  -decay  non V-A in  -decay Unitarity of CKM-Matrix  n-,  - , (superallowed  -decays Parity Nonconservation in Atoms  Cs, Fr, Ra CPT Conservation  n, e, p,  Precision Studies within The Standard Model  Constants, QCD,QED, Nuclear Structure Theoretical Support Positions at Universities Experimentalists and Theorists High Power Proton Driver Several MW Target Research Cold and Ultracold Neutrons Low Energy Radioactive Beams Improved Trapping Facilities Underground Facilities Physics Topics Adequate Environment Human resources Facilities

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 47

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 48 SPARES

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 49

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 50 Fundamental Interactions – Standard Model Physics within the Standard Model --- Searches for New Physics

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 51 EDM: What Object to Choose ? Theoretical input needed 205 Tl: d = -585 d e 199 Hg: d  nucl  atom Ra: Ra/Hg=(10 >1 )(10 >3 )

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 52 Topic One Details about this topic Supporting information and examples How it relates to your audience

31 January 2003 NuPECC Town Meeting, January/February GSI 53