Motives for Colonization Definition: ____________________ 1. ________________________________________________________ Monetary considerations were undoubtedly the most effective in promoting colonization. 1) Among these was the accumulation of surplus capital and the profit motive. Wealthy businessmen sought opportunities to invest their money. Joint-stock companies sold shares of stock to venturers and enabled them to share the great expense and risk of founding colonies as business enterprises. 2) The prevailing economic theory of mercantilism stressed the need of a nation to be independent of other countries and accumulate wealth and precious metals – the English hoped to find gold in the colonies. 3) Thus, England (The Mother Country) wished to secure vital raw materials from her colonies instead of paying precious coin to other countries. 4) The need for markets for England’s surplus of manufacture goods argued for the establishment of captive markets in the form of colonies. And help create a positive balance of trade ( imports vs. exports) 5) Among individual colonists the simple desire to own land, in scarce supply in Europe, and enjoy a better living. 2. __________________________________________________________ Missions were a product of the universal Christian belief that non-Christians were heathens and that it was a Christian’s duty to convert them, thus saving their souls from eternal damnation after death. Missionaries spread out all over the Spanish Colonies and built missions to convert the natives Just as a nation is politically and economically stronger when it has a larger population, a church is stronger when it has more believers; therefore the European churches were eager to send missionaries o Asia, Africa, and the Americas to bring more souls into the fold. After the Reformation, this became a competition between Catholic Nations and Protestant Nations. The Pope promoted this competition by dividing the new world between Spain and Portugal with the Treaty of Tordesillas. The Protestant Reformation also gave rise to dissenting religious groups and new churches who aggressively sought to worship according to their own ideas instead of conforming to the religious uniformity required by the Anglican Church or Catholic Church. Non- conforming religious sects were persecuted as being treasonous to the king. These people sought to escape to America where vacant land and great distance from the mother country offered them a place to settle and follow their own consciences in religious matters. These groups included the Puritans in New England. The Quakers and Catholics in the Mid-Atlantic Colonies and the Huguenots in the South. 3._____________________________________________________________________ 1) The enclosure movement, taking land out of cultivation and converting it into pastureland for sheep, was creating a surplus population with no work and no land. Sheep raising, more profitable than traditional agriculture, required less laborers. The new lands in America gave these unemployed a place to work and an opportunity to gain land of their own. 2) Many unemployed and debtors sold them selves in Indenture agreements as temporary slaves to gain these opportunities.. 3) Due to the system that gave 1 st born sons all property and most wealth,, a surplus was occurring in the upper-classes as second and third born sons were looking for work since the England was not at war. 4) The desire for adventure – opportunity and new experiences – moved others to go to America. 5) Related to a desire for religious freedom was the wish of some opposed to the monarchy for a greater degree of political freedom than they had in England. 4) The English government also wanted to weaken Spain and other European rivals by establishing military and naval outposts. LAND=POWER=MONEY.

Motives for Colonization Activity 1._____ Personal Connection: Has Your Family ever moved from one place to another? Houses? Long Distance? Another Country? What were the reasons behind those moves? Share with Shoulder Partner and Record Ideas. ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ 2._____Read and “Higher Level” Highlight the Motives For Colonization Article with Your Shoulder Partner. You are Looking for Reasons for Colonization Divided into 3 categories. (Political/Economic/Religious) Label with P or E or R in Your Article. Label Each Paragraph with its appropriate Title 3.____Create a 3 Column chart in your Interactive Journal and list 3-5 reasons under each of the categories. 4.____You and your Shoulder Partner have been assigned to recruit investors and new colonists for a colony in North America in Study the 3 Primary Source Documents from the Time period to get Ideas. 5.Design a recruiting Poster to attract these colonists using what you have learned from your readings. Brainstorming: A.Design a Slogan for your Campaign_____ ________________________________________________________ B. Showcase the desirable elements of your colony ____ __________________ _________________ ______________ C. Offer Incentives for Investment _____ _______________________________________________________ D. Provide Contact Information_____ ______________________________________________________ E. Be sure your poster hits at least 3 motivating factors _____ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ _____________________________ F. Be prepared to Share your poster and Explain the Motivations you have showcased.