ATM Air pressure Layers of the earth Tilt of the earth Transfer of energy Convection cells Roman was here

What happened?  Cleaner opens a tanker car, tanker car is steamed cleaned,cleaner finishes cleaning, closes tanker car, and carefully stores gear.  The next morning...

Pressure  Air pressure –Is the weight of the atmosphere (ATM) as it pushes down on the earth –Air pressure decreases by 50 % for each 5 km up

Pressure  Barometer –Measures air pressure –Aneroid or Mercury

Pressure  Change in air pressure can come from –Altitude –Temperature –Moisture

Pressure  Altitude –Dense air sinks to the Earth therefore as we rise up air gets less dense  Temperature –Hot air is more spread out and less dense therefore rises  Moisture –Water makes air less dense and there fore rise

Ogre’s have layers  as we move up through the earth the change of pressure is generally constant  But rise and fall of temperature changes creating layers of the earth’s ATM

Take pause  The atmosphere is broken into layers by temperature  The breaks between layers are called pauses  The pause is named for the layer below it

Troposphere  Lowest layer  Temperature decreases as we rise  All weather happens here  Contains about 80% of all the mass of the ATM  Planes travel at the top of the troposphere

Stratosphere  Temperature grows warmer as altitude increases  Contains the ozone layer  Begins 50km above the earth’s surface

Mesosphere  Temperature grows cooler as altitude increases  50 to 90 km up  At the uppermost layer of this sphere is were we see shooting stars

Thermosphere  Temperature increases as altitude increases (over 1000 C)  Above 90 km up  Exten ds out into space  No distinct boundary  Ionosphere –Portion of the thermosphere between 90km and 500km –Filled with many charged particles called ions –Interacts with solar wind to create the Auroras Aurora borealis (NH)

The Thermocline

Energy in the ATM  Tilt of the earth leads to...  uneven heating of the earth which leads to...  Warm air at the equator  Cold air at the poles

Transfer of energy  Energy is transferred by cold air sliding under warm air  Called convection

Convection  Warm air raises  Cold air sinks moving into the void left be the warm air  If the earth were not to spin winds would blow straight north and south

Energy in the ATM  Coriolos effect –Winds angle to the right (in the northern hemisphere), pushed by the rotation of the earth –Leads to global wind belts  More on wind later