 List four things to consider when choosing a site for a vegetable garden.  Draw a simple garden plan that allows for successive planting of early and late harvest vegetables.  Describe the steps in maintaining a vegetable garden.

 Cole crops (Brassica) ◦ Cabbage, broccoli, brussels sprouts, cauliflower, kohlrabi, mustard  Cucurbits ◦ Cucumber, cantaloupe, watermelon, pumpkin  Solanaceous Crops ◦ Potato, tomato, pepper, eggplant  Root Vegetables ◦ Beets, carrots, radish, rutabaga, sweet potato

 Cool-Season Vegetables ◦ prefer daytime temperatures 60-65°F  Spinach, cabbage, broccoli, radish, beet, asparagus, garlic, brussels sprouts (frost tolerant)  Lettuce, celery, artichoke, endive, mustard, carrot (damaged by temps near freezing)  Warm-Season Vegetables ◦ Must be planted after danger of frost has passed ◦ Sweet corn, pepper, snap beans, squash, pumpkin, lima beans, cucumber, tomato, cantaloupe

 Frost-Free Map

Early SpringLate Spring/Early Summer Hardy (2- 3 weeks before FF date) Semi-Hardy (1-2 weeks before FF date) Tender (on or after FF date) Very TenderHardy (plant in summer for fall harvest) Artichoke Asparagus Broccoli Cabbage Kohlrabi Onions Peas Radish Rhubarb Spinach Turnip Beet Carrot Cauliflower Endive Lettuce Parsley Parsnip Potato Salsify Swiss Chard Celery Cucumber Dry Bean Snap Bean New Zealand Spinach Summer Squash Sweet Corn Cantaloupe Eggplant Lima Bean Pepper Pumpkin Tomato Watermelon Winter Squash Beets Cabbage Kale Lettuce Onion Rutabaga Spinach Turnip

 Sunlight ◦ Avoid trees  Good soil ◦ Sandy loam is best  Source of water ◦ Usually culinary or canal  Topography ◦ Avoid steep slopes  Wind ◦ Needs protection from strong wind

 Avoid shading shorter plants with taller plants  Create paths for easy access  Separate perennial crops (asparagus, rhubarb) from annuals  Succession cropping

 Clay or sandy soils ◦ Incorporate organic soil amendments  Well aged manure  Compost  Peat moss or coir dust  Cover or green manure crops  Weed elimination  Pre-plant incorporation of fertilizer ◦ Balanced granular: works well  Never till soils when wet to avoid destroying their structure.

 Sowing seed  Interplanting  Thinning  Transplants ◦ Peppers and tomatoes need many heat units for good production  Beans/peas, carrots, cucumber, melon do not transplant well

 What is the purpose? ◦ Control weeds ◦ Retain soil moisture ◦ Reduce compaction ◦ Keep produce free of soil contamination  Organic  Plastic ◦ Weed control ◦ Modify soil temperature

 Side dressing ◦ Apply to the top of the soil 3 to 4 inches to the side of stems.  Banding ◦ Dig furrows between planting rows and apply fertilizer to the rows.

 Hand or sprinkler  Furrows and soaker hoses ◦ Broad and shallow furrows are best ◦ 3 to 6 in. deep  Drip irrigation  Soak the soil to wet the entire root system

Plant:  Basil  Marigold  Garlic  Mint  Onion  Radish  Rosemary  Tansy Repels:  Flies/Mosquitos  Many Insects  Many Pests  Cabbage Moths  Ants  Many Insects  Bean Beetles  Beetles

 Site selection ◦ land sloping south gets warmer earlier  Cultivar selection ◦ early maturing  Use transplants ◦ Protection  Hot caps  Row covers  Plastic mulch

 Helps with pest control  Maintains soil fertility  Perennial crops should not be included in the cycle Cole Legume Root Warm- Season

 The cole crops are __________-season vegetables.  Name one way that mulches protect vegetable crops.  Name one reason crop rotation is important.