DNA DeoxyriboNucleic Acid. The Structure of DNA (DEOXYRIBOSE NUCLEIC ACID) A. DNA is a macromolecules called NUCLEIC ACIDS. The other type of molecule.

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Presentation transcript:

DNA DeoxyriboNucleic Acid

The Structure of DNA (DEOXYRIBOSE NUCLEIC ACID) A. DNA is a macromolecules called NUCLEIC ACIDS. The other type of molecule in this category is RNA.

Remember… Since DNA is a macromolecule (POLYMER), it is really made of many (in this case billions) smaller molecules (MONOMERS!) put together. The DNA monomer is the individual NUCLEOTIDE.

Nucleotide A single piece of the DNA strand Made of 3 parts ▫Deoxyribose (sugar) ▫Phosphate ▫Base (A,G,C or T)

PurinesPyrimidines Adenine Guanine CytosineThymine Phosphate group Deoxyribose DNA Nucleotides

The backbone of 1 strand Alternates between the sugar (deoxyribose) and the phosphate group The base sticks out into the middle

Double-Stranded The bases hydrogen bond with each other to hold the strands together The base from one strand bonds with the base from the other forming a complementary base pair a. ADENINE bonds with THYMINE b. GUANINE bonds with CYTOSINE They coil into a double-helix

Hydroge n bonds Nucleotide Sugar-phosphate backbone Key Adenine (A) Thymine (T) Cytosine (C) Guanine (G) Figure 12–7 Structure of DNA Section 12-1

DNA Structure Theorized to be a double helix consisting of 2 strands wrapped around each other Discovered by Watson and Crick AND Rosalind Franklin

Rosalind Franklin Provided the scientific evidence that allowed Watson and Crick to suggest the double helix But often does not receive credit and since she had died – couldn’t share in the Nobel prize

What about the structure of DNA makes us unique???  ORDER OF BASE PAIRS

The Structure of RNA A. RNA is made of a SINGLE strand of NUCLEOTIDES. Each of these is composed of: 1. NITROGENOUS BASE 2. SUGAR (RIBOSE) 3. PHOSPHATE i. RNA also has 4 possible nitrogen bases BUT instead of thymine, RNA has a nitrogen base called URACIL.

What You Should Know about DNA structure The basic structure of a nucleotide The basic structure of DNA How DNA and RNA differ Base-pair rules How the structure suggests a replication method

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