Tom Garnett April 12, 2007 Smithsonian Institution Libraries National Museum of Natural History Board Science Committee Meeting Biodiversity Heritage Library Tom Garnett Smithsonian Institution Libraries

Tom Garnett April 12, 2007 Smithsonian Institution Libraries National Museum of Natural History Board Science Committee Meeting Taxonomic Literature Over 250 years of systematic description of life Systema naturae (10 th ed. 1758) by Carl von Linné

Tom Garnett April 12, 2007 Smithsonian Institution Libraries National Museum of Natural History Board Science Committee Meeting The cited half-life of publications in taxonomy is longer than in any other scientific discipline * * * The decay rate is longer than in any scientific discipline - Macro-economic case for open access, Tom Moritz Taxonomic Literature

Tom Garnett April 12, 2007 Smithsonian Institution Libraries National Museum of Natural History Board Science Committee Meeting Taxonomic Impediment Specimen collections Databases Publications Observations ‘Gray’ literature Index cards Field notebooks

Tom Garnett April 12, 2007 Smithsonian Institution Libraries National Museum of Natural History Board Science Committee Meeting that there is access to information held in national/regional/global collections that electronic data is efficiently captured and provided in useable form that existing information held in literature and by current experts is made available electronically that stability of scientific names of organisms, used to access this information, is promoted - Darwin Declaration, 1998 The essential requirements for accessing and utilising this global information are: Taxonomic Literature

Tom Garnett April 12, 2007 Smithsonian Institution Libraries National Museum of Natural History Board Science Committee Meeting Taxonomic Impediment Biologia Centrali-Americana. Edited by Frederick Ducane Godman and Osbert Salvin. London : Pub. for the editors by R. H. Porter,

Tom Garnett April 12, 2007 Smithsonian Institution Libraries National Museum of Natural History Board Science Committee Meeting Vishwas Chavan travels a lot. An informatician based at the National Chemical Laboratory in Pune, India, he collects data on what types of animal live where in India to enter into a biodiversity database … Much of the information Chavan seeks is in old, out-of-print tomes … To find them, Chavan has spent years trailing around libraries. He dreams of the day when books such as these are scanned and made available as digital files on the Internet. “Science in the Web Age: The Real Death of Print” by Andreas von Bubnoff Nature 438, December 2005 Digital Divide?

Tom Garnett April 12, 2007 Smithsonian Institution Libraries National Museum of Natural History Board Science Committee Meeting Biodiversity Heritage Library 2003, Telluride. Encyclopedia of Life meeting February London. Library and Laboratory: the Marriage of Research, Data and Taxonomic Literature May Washington. Ground work for the Biodiversity Heritage Library June Washington. Organizational and Technical meeting August New York Botanical Garden. BHL Director’s Meeting. October St. Louis/San Francisco. Technical meetings February Museum of Comparative Zoology. Organizational meeting

Tom Garnett April 12, 2007 Smithsonian Institution Libraries National Museum of Natural History Board Science Committee Meeting Biodiversity Heritage Library American Museum of Natural History (New York) Field Museum (Chicago) Natural History Museum (London) Smithsonian Institution (Washington) Missouri Botanical Garden New York Botanical Garden Royal Botanic Garden, Kew Botany Libraries, Harvard University Ernst Meyer Library of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University Marine Biological Laboratory / Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

Tom Garnett April 12, 2007 Smithsonian Institution Libraries National Museum of Natural History Board Science Committee Meeting Biodiversity Heritage Library

Tom Garnett April 12, 2007 Smithsonian Institution Libraries National Museum of Natural History Board Science Committee Meeting Core literature pre-1923: 400,000 (80 million pages) All pre-1923: ,000 ( million pages) All literature: million ( million pages) Biodiversity Heritage Library

Tom Garnett April 12, 2007 Smithsonian Institution Libraries National Museum of Natural History Board Science Committee Meeting View

Tom Garnett April 12, 2007 Smithsonian Institution Libraries National Museum of Natural History Board Science Committee Meeting

Tom Garnett April 12, 2007 Smithsonian Institution Libraries National Museum of Natural History Board Science Committee Meeting 9. Page View

Tom Garnett April 12, 2007 Smithsonian Institution Libraries National Museum of Natural History Board Science Committee Meeting

Tom Garnett April 12, 2007 Smithsonian Institution Libraries National Museum of Natural History Board Science Committee Meeting

Tom Garnett April 12, 2007 Smithsonian Institution Libraries National Museum of Natural History Board Science Committee Meeting

Tom Garnett April 12, 2007 Smithsonian Institution Libraries National Museum of Natural History Board Science Committee Meeting

Tom Garnett April 12, 2007 Smithsonian Institution Libraries National Museum of Natural History Board Science Committee Meeting

Tom Garnett April 12, 2007 Smithsonian Institution Libraries National Museum of Natural History Board Science Committee Meeting

Tom Garnett April 12, 2007 Smithsonian Institution Libraries National Museum of Natural History Board Science Committee Meeting Internet Archive Scribe Scanner Single Scribe Machine –Human operated –200 volumes per shift per week –~ 70,000 pages from a single machine per week

Tom Garnett April 12, 2007 Smithsonian Institution Libraries National Museum of Natural History Board Science Committee Meeting Internet Archive Scribe Scanner

Tom Garnett April 12, 2007 Smithsonian Institution Libraries National Museum of Natural History Board Science Committee Meeting Internet Archive Scribe Scanner

Tom Garnett April 12, 2007 Smithsonian Institution Libraries National Museum of Natural History Board Science Committee Meeting Internet Archive Scribe Scanner

Tom Garnett April 12, 2007 Smithsonian Institution Libraries National Museum of Natural History Board Science Committee Meeting Biodiversity Heritage Library

Tom Garnett April 12, 2007 Smithsonian Institution Libraries National Museum of Natural History Board Science Committee Meeting Biodiversity Heritage Library