Introduction. Document Structure Overview  XML declaration (prolog)  Document type declaration  Root element (namespace)  Document header  Document.

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Presentation transcript:

Introduction

Document Structure Overview  XML declaration (prolog)  Document type declaration  Root element (namespace)  Document header  Document body

Document Structure <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" " Document Title Content of document...

XML Prolog  Optional  Specifies XML version  Declares type of character encoding   Problem: IE/Windows browser can not interpret prolog  site not displayed correctly  Solution: specify character encoding in

Document Structure (for IE) <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" " Document Title Content of document...

DOCTYPE and Namespace  Tell browsers how to interpret document  Tell validations services how to test for conformance

DOCTYPE  Allows designers/developers to author several different types of documents, each bound by different rules  Rules: XHTML 1.0 specifications, called document type definition (DTD)  XHTML 1.0 offers 3 DTDs: Transitional Strict Frameset

DOCTYPE declaration  Top of every XHTML document, before any code or markup  After XML prolog 

XHTML1 Transitional  Closest to HTML  Can work with Presentational markup structures Deprecated elements Deprecated attributes  Used for converting existing web sites

XHTML1 Frameset  Used for documents that contain a element  Same elements as Transitional plus Frameset Frame noframe

XHTML1 Strict  Excludes all deprecated elements and attributes  New web site development  What we use in class

Which Standard?  XHTML 1.0 Transitional Conversion of existing HTML 4.01 sites  XHTML 1.0 Frames Conversion of existing HTML 4.01 sites that contain frames  XHTML 1.0 Strict New development Use of style sheets  XHTML 1.1 Currently lack of browser support  XHMTL 2.0 Under development use in class

Root Element (XML NameSpace)  Collection of XML element types and attribute names associated with a specific DTD  Version of XML = english Document in english

Document Header  Information about the document that is not considered part of the document content Info for users Info for browsers Info for search engines  Must include title Displayed in the top bar of the browser Bookmark or favorites list Key tool for accessibility Search engines

Document Body  …  Required element  Contains all elements of normal document flow