U.S. History Review Units 2 & 3 25 Multiple Choice Questions U.S. History Review Units 2 & 3 8 matching vocabulary

Gilded Age To appear gold in color Realistically, some Americans were very prosperous but beneath the “beauty and expanding wealth” was a layer of poverty and corruption

Vertical Integration vs. Horizontal integration Buying out all the raw material producers and distributors Think of Coach C reaching up and grabbing all the things we need to make a McDonalds burger Merging with (or taking over) companies producing similar products Think of Coach C grabbing all the other companies that sell burgers

In the late 19th century, what directly contributed to the growth of the U.S. Steel industry? The Bessemer Process (created by Henry Bessemer); this was a cheap and effective manufacturing process for making steel by removing carbon from iron New technology Advanced production techniques

Sherman Anti-Trust Act Interstate Commerce Act Sherman Anti-Trust Act Regulated Railroad fairs Lower excessive railroad rates To stop monopolies engaging in unfair business practices Outlawed the formation of trusts that interfered with free trade

What did business consolidation and trusts reduce during the gilded age? Competition!

Labor Unions Organized workers to demand: Better working conditions Better pay 8 hour work day

Inventions Alexander G. Bell Thomas Edison Wright Brothers Christopher Sholes Cyrus Mccormick Elisha Otis Telephone Electric Light Bulb Airplane Typewriter Reaper Safe Passenger Elevator

Social Darwinism Survival of the fittest Hard working Industrialization Earned mass amount of wealth

What did the Plains Indians in the 1800s rely on? What marked the end of the wars between the federal government and the plains Indians? Horses Buffalo The extended Family The massacre at wounded knee

Immigration processing stations San Francisco : Angel Island New York : Ellis island

New Immigrants vs Old Immigrants Southern and eastern Europe Northern and western Europe

Political Bosses Controlled elected officials in local government office Handed out patronage jobs Made illegal profits on city contracts Accepted bribes in return for favors

Chinese Exclusion act Political leaders in California blamed unemployment and a general decline in wages on the presence of Chinese workers The Chinese were not allowed to enter the united states First immigration restriction in our country

Push Factors vs. pull factors Oppression Poverty War Religious/ethnic persecution Freedom Economic opportunity Cultural ties

Factors that lead to the closing of the frontier Railroad Dawes act Homestead act

Entrepreneurs of the gilded age Often gave money to support construction projects in their communities through their philanthropy work

Political cartoons T: Title A: Actions C: Captions O: Observations S: Summary