Phoenix Convention Center Phoenix, Arizona Goal Setting and Performance Based Contracting Track 7: Building Performance Session 5: Constructing High Performance New Buildings Paul A. Torcellini, Ph.D., P.E. National Renewable Energy Laboratory August 12, 2015

Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade Goal Setting and Performance Based Contracting Presenter: Paul Torcellini, NREL Description: Learn to set goals in constructing high performance new buildings and how to maximize the use of performance based contracts to achieve those goals Implementation Lessons and Results Presenter: Shanti Pless, NREL Description: Review lessons learned and results in implementation of practices to best help guarantee building performance. A View from a Contractor Presenter: Phil Macey, JE Dunn Construction Description: Develop an understanding from the contractor’s perspective in understanding the process in designing and constructing high performance new buildings. 2 Session Overview

Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade Learning Objectives Understanding how to set goals in constructing high performance new buildings and how to maximize the use of performance based contracts to achieve those goals. Understanding the process in designing and constructing high performance new buildings and the tools and resources available to help you along the way. Reviewing lessons learned and results in implementation of practices to best help guarantee building performance. 3

Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade FEMP is accredited by the International Association for Continuing Education & Training and has awarded 0.2 CEUs (60 Min = 0.1 CEUs, 90 Min = 0.2 CEUs) for this session. To earn CEUs and a certificate of completion, participants must: – attend the session – complete a short assessment (3-5 questions) and brief evaluation by logging on to: Note: participants must register once with the National Institute of Building Sciences’ Whole Building Design Guide (WBDG.org) to complete the requirements and obtain their certificate. 4 Obtaining CEUs and Certificates

RSF uses 50% less energy than if it were built to current commercial codes at no extra capital cost RSF increases space at NREL by 60% but only increases energy use by 6% NREL/17833

Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade Many Pieces So many ways to assemble the pieces Design is about making decisions – need motivation to make the right decisions Who are the decision makers? Used by permission: Paul Torcellini/NREL

Great Potential in Commercial Buildings Clockwise from top: NREL/09202, 10884, 10140, 09249, 12637, 11097

Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade 8 Vision

Setting Goals Measurable goals are better From bad to good… – I want a green building – Design a LEED building – Design a building to use 30% less energy than ASHRAE – Design a building to use less than 25,000 BTU/sqft – Design a [NET] ZERO ENERGY BUILDING Influencing purchasing decision—the owner

10 What are Zero Energy Buildings? Conceptually, a building that has no adverse energy [or environmental] impact [because of its operation] ZERO is not easy to define! Not easy to design to if not well defined – Disconnect all utility interfaces? – What is the energy performance metric? – Net energy transfer across boundary? – Where is the boundary?

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Creating Goal Based Solutions Set measurable goals early (before you hire anyone). – Where to find goals Your portfolio and past experiences Percentage off industry averages Target finder Examples from others (or just slightly better)

Set Goal Tiers 35 kBtu/sqft 25 kBtu/sqft 0 kBtu/sqft -5 kBtu/sqft Let the market compete on what goals you should have for the amount of money you are willing to spend.

Problem Definition: RFP Objectives MISSION CRITICAL Attain safe work performance/Safe Design Practices LEED Platinum Energy Star “Plus” HIGHLY DESIRABLE 800 staff Capacity 25kBTU/sf/year Architectural integrity Honor future staff needs Measurable ASHRAE 90.1 Support culture and amenities Expandable building Ergonomics Flexible workspace Support future technologies Documentation to produce a “How to” manual “PR” campaign implemented in real-time Allow secure collaboration with outsiders Building information modeling Substantial Completion by 2010 IF POSSIBLE Net Zero/design approach Most energy efficient building in the world LEED Platinum Plus ASHRAE % Visual displays of current energy efficiency Support public tours Achieve national and global recognition and awards Support personnel turnover RFP also required maximum use of natural ventilation and 90% of floor space fully daylit

The Process 20 Owner made tough decisions up-front Set budget Sought maximum value for that budget Prioritized goals Design-Build procurement process Managed the team to the RFP and its substantiation criteria Rewards Allowed design-build team to use creativity to maximize value--innovation Owner did not solve the problem (but knew the solution existed)

Owner Role Spend the time to get RFP right Design/build team will study to pass the test Set up acquisition process to “force” integrated design Energy modeling guides conceptual design decisions Architecture and envelope are also efficiency measures NREL/17833

Owner Role 22 Unwavering commitment to problem statement Unleash power of design/build team of experts to meet your needs true value engineering Commit to your objectives and the prioritization and don’t adjust Clockwise from top: NREL/18784, 24690, 17823

Steps… RFQ: Short list to 3 teams Pay for conceptual design (share the risk) Select best value for fixed price Incentives Require substantiation NREL/21806

Day vs. Night Plug and Process Loads Annual Plug Load Energy Use Intensity (kBtu/ft 2 ) Unoccupied Hours Power Density (W/ft 2 ) Occupied Hours Power Density (W/ft 2 ) Only occupied about ⅓ of the time -Nights Unoccupied -Weekends Unoccupied -Holidays Unoccupied

Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade Plug Loads 4 Quads—20% of commercial building energy use Office equipment is 7% of total electrical use Very diverse and diffuse making them hard to manage and control Evaluated current plug loads Developed a process to reduce – Unused equipment – Space conditioning – Lighting needs

Resources Buildingdata.energy.gov/cbrd based_acquisition/ based_acquisition/ Case Studies Annotated RFPs. Search on Plug Loads –

Moving to the Mainstream… 27 Assistance available to implement process Works for any owner willing to set goals early and prioritize needs Fix the budget upfront Competitively procure for meeting prioritized needs

Energy Exchange : Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade Accelerate Performance Need to unleash the creativity of design and construction professionals Incentivize the process, not the products We can create zero energy buildings today at little or no incremental cost

Questions? Buildingdata.energy.gov/cbrd Paul A. Torcellini