1 WASTE MANAGEMENT IN THE 21 ST CENTURY INDIAN & EU APPROACHES WASTE MANAGEMENT IN THE 21 ST CENTURY INDIAN & EU APPROACHES MANAGEMENT OF HAZARDOUS WASTES (HW) IN INDIA 12 NOVEMBER 2005 HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES MANAGEMENT DIVISION MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT & FORESTS

2 MANAGEMENT OF HAZARDOUS WASTES AS PER AVAILABLE DATA, 4.4 MILLION TONNES OF HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATED ANNUALLY BY UNITS IN 373 DISTRICTS IN THE COUNTRY. AS PER AVAILABLE DATA, 4.4 MILLION TONNES OF HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATED ANNUALLY BY UNITS IN 373 DISTRICTS IN THE COUNTRY. STATES OF MAHARASHTRA, GUJARAT AND TAMIL NADU ACCOUNT FOR OVER 63% OF TOTAL HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATED. STATES OF MAHARASHTRA, GUJARAT AND TAMIL NADU ACCOUNT FOR OVER 63% OF TOTAL HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATED.

3 DOMESTIC LEGISLATION FOR HANDLING AND DISPOSAL OF HAZARDOUS WASTES NOTIFIED IN INDIA WAY BACK IN 1989, WHEN INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY ADOPTED THE BASAL CONVENTION. DOMESTIC LEGISLATION FOR HANDLING AND DISPOSAL OF HAZARDOUS WASTES NOTIFIED IN INDIA WAY BACK IN 1989, WHEN INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY ADOPTED THE BASAL CONVENTION.

4 ACTS GOVERNING INDUSTRIES HANDLING HAZARDOUS WASTES THE WATER (PREVENTION & CONTROL OF POLLUTION) ACT, 1974 AND AMENDMENTS THEREUNDER. THE WATER (PREVENTION & CONTROL OF POLLUTION) ACT, 1974 AND AMENDMENTS THEREUNDER. THE AIR POLLUTION (PREVENTION & CONTROL OF POLLUTION) ACT, 1981 AND AMENDMENTS THEREUNDER. THE AIR POLLUTION (PREVENTION & CONTROL OF POLLUTION) ACT, 1981 AND AMENDMENTS THEREUNDER. THE ENVIRONMENT (PROTECTION) ACT, THE ENVIRONMENT (PROTECTION) ACT, 1986.

5 LEGAL INSTRUMENT FOR HAZARDOUS WASTES MANAGEMENT HAZARDOUS WASTES (MANAGEMENT & HANDLING) RULES, 1989, AS AMENDED IN 2000 & 2003, NOTIFIED UNDER THE ENVIRONMENT (PROTECTION) ACT, 1986

6 HAZARDOUS WASTES RULES 1989/2003 HAZARDOUS WASTES RULES 1989/2003 OBJECTIVE: TO PUT IN PLACE AN EFFECTIVE MECHANISM TO REGULATE THE GENERATION, COLLECTION, STORAGE, TRANSPORT, TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL OF HAZARDOUS WASTES BOTH INDIGENOUSLY GENERATED AND IMPORTED. OBJECTIVE: TO PUT IN PLACE AN EFFECTIVE MECHANISM TO REGULATE THE GENERATION, COLLECTION, STORAGE, TRANSPORT, TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL OF HAZARDOUS WASTES BOTH INDIGENOUSLY GENERATED AND IMPORTED.

7 HAZARDOUS WASTES RULES 1989/2003 SALIENT FEATURES A COMPREHENSIVE DEFINITION FOR HW PROVIDED BASED ON THE PROCESSES GENERATING HW (SCHEDULE 1) AND THRESHOLD LIMITS (SCHEDULE 2) A COMPREHENSIVE DEFINITION FOR HW PROVIDED BASED ON THE PROCESSES GENERATING HW (SCHEDULE 1) AND THRESHOLD LIMITS (SCHEDULE 2) SCHEDULE 3 - LIST OF HWs REGULATING IMPORT AND EXPORT PROVIDED IN HARMONY WITH ANNEXE-VIII AND ANNEXE-IX OF BASAL CONVENTION AND EXIM POLICY. SCHEDULE 3 - LIST OF HWs REGULATING IMPORT AND EXPORT PROVIDED IN HARMONY WITH ANNEXE-VIII AND ANNEXE-IX OF BASAL CONVENTION AND EXIM POLICY. COLOUR CODED MANIFEST SYSTEM FOR TRACKING OF HW. COLOUR CODED MANIFEST SYSTEM FOR TRACKING OF HW.

8 HAZARDOUS WASTES RULES 1989/2003 (Contd.) HAZARDOUS WASTES RULES 1989/2003 (Contd.) SALIENT FEATURES (contd.) PROHIBITION ON 29 CATEGORIES OF HWs FOR IMPORT/EXPORT. PROHIBITION ON 29 CATEGORIES OF HWs FOR IMPORT/EXPORT. REGISTRATION WITH CPCB MANDATORY FOR RECYCLERS OF IDENTIFIED HAZARDOUS WASTES. REGISTRATION WITH CPCB MANDATORY FOR RECYCLERS OF IDENTIFIED HAZARDOUS WASTES. MANDATORY DISPOSAL OF HWS IN COMMON TSDFs BY UNITS NOT HAVING ON SITE FACILITY. MANDATORY DISPOSAL OF HWS IN COMMON TSDFs BY UNITS NOT HAVING ON SITE FACILITY. STATE GOVERNMENTS/OPERATOR OF FACILITY/ASSOCIATION OF OCCUPIERS RESPONSIBLE FOR IDENTIFICATION OF SITES FOR SETTING UP COMMON TSDFs. STATE GOVERNMENTS/OPERATOR OF FACILITY/ASSOCIATION OF OCCUPIERS RESPONSIBLE FOR IDENTIFICATION OF SITES FOR SETTING UP COMMON TSDFs.

9 HAZARDOUS WASTES RULES 1989/2003 (contd.) SALIENT FEATURES (contd.) ALL HW GENERATORS TO OBTAIN AUTHORISATION FROM SPCBs ALL HW GENERATORS TO OBTAIN AUTHORISATION FROM SPCBs IMPORT OF HW FOR DUMPING / DISPOSAL PROHIBITED. IMPORT OF HW FOR DUMPING / DISPOSAL PROHIBITED. IMPORT OF HW FOR RECYCLING / REPROCESSING REGULATED BY MOEF IMPORT OF HW FOR RECYCLING / REPROCESSING REGULATED BY MOEF STATE GOVERNMENTS RESPONSIBLE FOR IDENTIFYING AND NOTIFYING WASTE DISPOSAL SITES. STATE GOVERNMENTS RESPONSIBLE FOR IDENTIFYING AND NOTIFYING WASTE DISPOSAL SITES.

10 WASTE DISPOSAL FACILITIES WASTE DISPOSAL FACILITIES COMMON TREATMENT STORAGE & DISPOSAL FACILITIES (TSDF) MANY LARGE SCALE UNITS HAVING ON-SITE FACILITIES FOR DISPOSAL OF HWs. MANY LARGE SCALE UNITS HAVING ON-SITE FACILITIES FOR DISPOSAL OF HWs. COMMON TSDF ENVISAGED FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (SMEs). COMMON TSDF ENVISAGED FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (SMEs). FOCUS ON SETTING UP INTEGRATED COMMON TSDFs DURING THE 10 TH FIVE YEAR PLAN. FOCUS ON SETTING UP INTEGRATED COMMON TSDFs DURING THE 10 TH FIVE YEAR PLAN.

11 WASTE DISPOSAL FACILITIES (contd.) WASTE DISPOSAL FACILITIES (contd.) TREATMENT STORAGE & DISPOSAL FACILITIES (TSDF) TSDFs SET UP UNDER PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP INVOLVING GOVERNMENT AND PRIVATE SECTOR AND INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION. TSDFs SET UP UNDER PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP INVOLVING GOVERNMENT AND PRIVATE SECTOR AND INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION. CENTRAL GOVERNMENTS FINANCIAL SUPPORT OF RS. 20 MILLION PER TSDF AVAILABLE, PROVIDED AN EQUAL GRANT AVAILABLE FROM THE STATE GOVERNMENT CENTRAL GOVERNMENTS FINANCIAL SUPPORT OF RS. 20 MILLION PER TSDF AVAILABLE, PROVIDED AN EQUAL GRANT AVAILABLE FROM THE STATE GOVERNMENT

12 MANAGEMENT OF HAZARDOUS WASTES TSDFs SET UP SO FAR WITH ASSISTANCE FROM CENTRAL GOVERNMENT IN TRANS THANE CREEK – MAHARASHTRA TRANS THANE CREEK – MAHARASHTRA RANGAREDDY DISTRICT – ANDHRA PRADESH RANGAREDDY DISTRICT – ANDHRA PRADESH ANKALESHWAR – GUJARAT ANKALESHWAR – GUJARAT SURAT – GUJARAT SURAT – GUJARAT MORE FACILITIES PROPOSED TO BE SET UP IN THE STATES OF WEST BENGAL, MAHARASHTRA, KARNATAKA, TAMIL NADU, HARYANA AND PUNJAB.

13 ENACTMENTS TO DEAL WITH OTHER HAZARDOUS WASTES BIOMEDICAL WASTES (MANAGEMENT & HANDLING) RULES, BATTERIES (MANAGEMENT & HANDLING) RULES, 2001

14 BIOMEDICAL WASTES (M &H) RULES, 1998/2003 THE BIOMEDICAL WASTES (M&H) RULES u HOSPITALS CATERING TO MORE THAN 1000 PATIENTS PER MONTH - TO OBTAIN AUTHORIZATION FROM SPCB/PCCS. u BIOMEDICAL WASTES CLASSIFIED INTO 10 CATEGORIES u COLOUR CODING AND CONTAINERS PRESCRIBED FOR DIFFERENT CATEGORIES OF WASTES. u TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL OPTIONS PROVIDED FOR DIFFERENT CATEGORIES OF WASTES.

15 BATTERIES (MANAGEMENT & HANDLING) RULES 2001 u THE RULES PROVIDE FOR TRACKING AND CHANNELIZATION OF LEAD ACID BATTERIES TO ENSURE THAT USED BATTERIES ARE COLLECTED AND RECYCLED IN AN ENVIRONMENTALLY SOUND MANNER.

16 MANAGEMENT OF HAZARDOUS WASTES MANAGEMENT OF HAZARDOUS WASTES IN THE PAST DECADE AND HALF, INDIA HAS TAKEN SPECIFIC ACTIONS FOR MANAGEMENT OF WASTES, FIXED INSTITUTIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES, ENHANCED RESOURCES FOR WASTE DISPOSAL AND LAID DOWN STANDARDS FOR TREATING EFFLUENTS HARMONIZATION OF IMPORT/EXPORT POLICY FOR HAZARDOUS WASTES UNDERTAKEN IN LINE WITH THE PRINCIPLES OF BASAL CONVENTION.

17 MANAGEMENT OF HAZARDOUS WASTES (Contd.) SYNCHONIZATION OF DOMESTIC FOREIGN TRADE AND CUSTOMS LEGISLATIONS WITH HAZARDOUS WASTES RULES AS WELL AS CAPACITY BUILDING AT MAJOR PORTS AND CUSTOM LABORATORIES TO PREVENT ILLEGAL IMPORT AND DUMPING OF HAZARDOUS WASTES ALSO UNDERTAKEN. SIGNIFICANT CHALLENGES WITH REGARD TO TECHNOLOGY UPGRADATION STILL EXIST. OF PARTICULAR CONCERN IS THE RESOURCE CONSTRAINT FACED BY SMALL AND MEDIUM SCALE UNITS WITH REGARD TO WASTE MINIMIZATION AS WELL AS TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES.

18 INDIAS STATUS WITH RESPECT TO THE BASEL CONVENTION SIGNED BASEL CONVENTION IN MARCH 1990 SIGNED BASEL CONVENTION IN MARCH 1990 RATIFIED IN JUNE 1992 RATIFIED IN JUNE 1992 MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT & FORESTS - NODAL MINISTRY IN GOI MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT & FORESTS - NODAL MINISTRY IN GOI COMPETENT AUTHORITY - SECRETARY, MoE&F COMPETENT AUTHORITY - SECRETARY, MoE&F NOT RATIFIED BAN AMENDMENT. NOT RATIFIED BAN AMENDMENT.

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