What is Matter? Matter: A substance that has mass and volume (takes up space).

WAYS TO MEASURE MATTER Mass – the amount of matter in an object. –Measured in grams (g) and kilograms (kg) –video Weight – the force of gravity on an object –how much do you weigh? videohow much do you weigh?

WAYS TO MEASURE MATTER Volume – The amount of space an object takes up. –Measured in milliliters (mL) and liters (L) –Also measured in cm 3 or m 3 (length x width x height) –1 mL = 1 cm 3 – video

Matter is made of Atoms An atom is the smallest basic unit of matter Tiny particles Scientists have identified 100 different types of atoms Always in motion

Molecule When two or more atoms bond together or combine Smallest amount of a substance made of combined atoms Always in motion

Element Pure substance –Contains single type of atom –Can not separate into other substances –More than 100

Compounds A substance that consists of two or more different types of atoms bonded together Creates a new substance Examples Table Salt Dry Ice

Mixture Combination of different substances Does not create new substance Can be separated by physical means Two types: –Heterogeneous –Homogeneous

STATES OF MATTER Matter can exist as 3 different phases or states. –Solid –Liquid –Gas All living and non-living things are made of matter.

Three Most Common States of Matter Liquid Gas Solid Coca-Cola Carbon in Soda Glass Cup

SOLID Has a definite volume and a definite shape. A solid will not take the shape of a container. The particles in solids are packed together, thus keeping it’s shape. Examples: –Rocks –Desk –Apple

LIQUID has a definite volume but no definite shape. Takes the shape of its container. Particles are further apart and moving (pouring water) Examples –Water –Blood –Milk

GAS Has no definite volume and no definite shape. Fills a container of any shape or size. Random groups of particles moving rapidly. Examples –Air (mixture of different gases) –Water Vapor (water in a gas form) –Gas BehaviorGas Behavior

Plasmas are super-heated gases. Plasma is an ionized gas. The atoms are different because they are made up of free electrons and ions of an element such as neon (Ne). Examples - stars - lightning - fluorescent light bulbs - neon signs PLASMA

Examples of Particles Moving yjams/matter_states/ yjams/matter_states/