Future Needs for Research Infrastructures in Energy, 1 June 2005, Brussels Michel VIAUD General Secretary PV industry needs

Future Needs for Research Infrastructures in Energy, 1 June 2005, Brussels ConsumerOff-Grid Industrial On-Grid Economically viable Dependant on market support programs Off-Grid Residential Market Segments Source: Strategies Unlimited

Future Needs for Research Infrastructures in Energy, 1 June 2005, Brussels Market projections

Future Needs for Research Infrastructures in Energy, 1 June 2005, Brussels [%] 1 marine 2 geothermal 3 biomass 4 hydro 5 wind 6 solar thermal 7PV solar electricity 100 % RES 29,808 TWh ( 80 % of total) Total electricity consumption 36,346 TWh (from 15,578 TWh in 2001, IEA) Source: Own estimates together with "advanced scenario" according to EREC Contribution of PV Solar Electricity to Global Electricity Production in 2040

Future Needs for Research Infrastructures in Energy, 1 June 2005, Brussels % p.a. 25 % p.a. 10 Mrd (20 Mrd) 80 Mrd (160 Mrd) 250 Mrd (500 Mrd) PV market increase and necessary investments in production equipment

Future Needs for Research Infrastructures in Energy, 1 June 2005, Brussels Technology evolution

Future Needs for Research Infrastructures in Energy, 1 June 2005, Brussels PV Catapult Coordination Action (CA) (EC project – DG Research – FP6) 1.State-of-the Art and SWOT analysis 2.Crystallising the fruits of the European RTD + D efforts (Dialogue between R&D and Industry communities EUREC-EPIA) 3.Engaging the construction Industry in PV 4.Socio-economic and financial issues 5.Opportunities, Perspectives, Potentials and Hurdles in the enlarged EU market 6.Emerging Economies and economies in developing countries 7.Cross fertilization

Future Needs for Research Infrastructures in Energy, 1 June 2005, Brussels RTD Targets generic 20% Learning Rate Module price < 2 /Wp 2010 (ST) < 0.9 /Wp 2020 (MT) < 0.5 /Wp 2030 (LT) 1 materials cost < 2 efficiency > 3 production cost < (throughput, yield, equipment cost) RTD targets

Future Needs for Research Infrastructures in Energy, 1 June 2005, Brussels RTD Targets generic 20% Learning Rate (kWh) System price < 3 /Wp 2010 (ST) 5 kWp < 1.5 /Wp 2020 (MT) < 1 /Wp 2030 (LT) 1 Reliability, lifetime > 2 Labour, components cost < 3 Value > (applicability >, environmental impact <) RTD targets

Future Needs for Research Infrastructures in Energy, 1 June 2005, Brussels RTD Technology specific targets Crystalline Silicon Solar Grade Silicon 20 /kg ST Wafers Reduction of Silicon content g/Wp ST 10 7 g/Wp MT Solar Cells Cell efficiency > + 4% abs 20-22% Mono 18-20% Multi ST + 6% abs 22-24% Mono 20-22% Multi MT Modules Life expectancy 35 years ST Interconnect and encapsulation technologyST

Future Needs for Research Infrastructures in Energy, 1 June 2005, Brussels RTD Technology specific targets Thin Film Solar Modules Scaling up: Yield, throughput (area costs) Module efficiency > 8 – 10%ST (1 m 2 ) 14% MT 20%LT TCO cost < Low-cost substrates (e.g flexible) Modules Life expectancy 25 yearsST 35 yearsMT

Future Needs for Research Infrastructures in Energy, 1 June 2005, Brussels RTD Technology specific targets Novel Cell Concepts Dye Sensitised Cells Proof-of-Commercial Concept ST Polymer/Organic,, MT Life expectancy 5-10 yearsST yearsMT Module efficiency > 4- 6%ST (> 0.1 m 2 )10%MT 15%LT Markets: consumer ST powerLT

Future Needs for Research Infrastructures in Energy, 1 June 2005, Brussels RTD Technology specific targets Systems General Standardization Storage cost-effective environmental benign (eg H 2 ) On-grid Inverter (kW)Life expectancy20 yearsST Price < 0.35 /WpST BIPV Module as standard building elementST Off-grid 0.20 /kWh (battery, extracted)ST 0.15 /kWh MT Concentrators Low-cost lens and tracking systemsMT

Future Needs for Research Infrastructures in Energy, 1 June 2005, Brussels PV Catapult Coordination Action (CA) (EC project – DG Research – FP6) 1.State-of-the Art and SWOT analysis 2.Crystallising the fruits of the European RTD + D efforts (Dialogue between R&D and Industry communities) 3.Engaging the construction Industry in PV 4.Socio-economic and financial issues 5.Opportunities, Perspectives, Potentials and Hurdles in the enlarged EU market 6.Emerging Economies and economies in developing countries

Future Needs for Research Infrastructures in Energy, 1 June 2005, Brussels BIPV characteristics (Potentially) low BOS costs (In principle) best use of existing mounting and grid infrastructure (Without subsidy influence) best value of electricity is at the point of use Integration with Home Energy System

Future Needs for Research Infrastructures in Energy, 1 June 2005, Brussels Statement of the BIPV in the EU Lack of European strategy for BIPV development Lack of effective common research between Building and PV institutes Concern all the PV technologies The largest potential for PV applications

Future Needs for Research Infrastructures in Energy, 1 June 2005, Brussels Changes in Landscape Need for European (BIPV) RTD Strategy EU PV Program European Coherency and Coordination with MS Maturing industry Planning projects Close collaboration between research – industry- construction sector

Future Needs for Research Infrastructures in Energy, 1 June 2005, Brussels PV Catapult Coordination Action (CA) (EC project – DG Research – FP6) 1.State-of-the Art and SWOT analysis 2.Crystallising the fruits of the European RTD + D efforts (Dialogue between R&D and Industry communities EUREC-EPIA) 3.Engaging the construction Industry in PV 4.Socio-economic and financial issues 5.Opportunities, Perspectives, Potentials and Hurdles in the enlarged EU market 6.Emerging Economies and economies in developing countries 7.Cross fertilization

Future Needs for Research Infrastructures in Energy, 1 June 2005, Brussels Recommendations -Establish strategy for BIPV (Research infrastructures in R&D policy ?) between the Building (R&D and Industry) and the PV (R&D and Industry) communities -Support manufacturers of building components -Reinforce cooperation between architects, construction sector, PV developers, etc.

Future Needs for Research Infrastructures in Energy, 1 June 2005, Brussels Process of setting strategy Industry Community R&D Community Discuss Set Priorities Berlin (R&D) Paris (R&D+BIPV) Brussels (R&D) Nice (BIPV) Jan. 04 Jun. 04 Nov. 04 May 05 Provide first results to the PV Platform End 2005

Future Needs for Research Infrastructures in Energy, 1 June 2005, Brussels EU PV Technology Platform National Programmes Mirror Group Steering Committee PV Secretariat Policy & Instruments Group Developing Countries Group Information, Promotion, Education & Market Deployment Group BIPV Science, Technology & Application Group Research Infrastructures ?

Future Needs for Research Infrastructures in Energy, 1 June 2005, Brussels Thank you for your attention !