Get out your packets and notes Get on your ID’s Get out your pencil Smile Civics & Economics UNIT 1: Foundations

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Key Terms Ancient Greece Magna Carta Bicameral Joint-Stock Company 1 st Great Awakening Social Contract Separation of Powers Common Law Proprietary Colony Ancient Rome Columbus Jamestown Salem Witch Trials Pilgrims Enlightenment Natural Rights Self Governing Colony Royal Colony

Foundations of American Govn’t Ancient Greece birthplace of direct democracy, Plato, Aristotle and political thinking

Ancient Rome birthplace of the Senate, Representative government and our legal system

1215 Magna Carta took power from king John and gave it to the nobles

1300’s Parliament Legislative body created to make laws for the English people – Bicameral 1492 Columbus (Spain) Nina, Pinta, Santa Maria Discovers the Caribbean Islands 1600’s New World Colonization

America is Settled Reasons to settle The 3 Gs… Gold God Glory

Gold Wanted to make money. Thought they’d find gold like the Spanish did. (They didn’t) 1609 Jamestown, Virginia first permanent settlement in the new world Founded by the Virginia Joint-Stock Company Joint-stock company- company of merchants who invest money to start a colony with the hope of making a return (based on proportion put in) shared risk

God Religion in the New World Catholics: the oldest established Christian religion Fled to the new world, were persecuted by the other established religious colonies Settled in Maryland (which was religiously tolerant)

Religious Dissenters: any person whose religious beliefs go against the dominate religion Many left Europe for the new world to get religious freedom. Once they got to the new world did they give other’s religious freedom?

Quakers: settled Pennsylvania; religiously tolerant; pacifists (peaceful); early Amish

Puritans: believed in purifying or reforming the church of England; very strict religious beliefs; religiously intolerant

Pilgrims: people who make a religious journey (i.e. Pilgrims founding Plymouth, Massachusetts) Salem Witch Trials: period of trial and execution of 22 accused witches due to intolerance and land battles

First Great Awakening a period of religious revival in the 1720s Lead by Jonathan Edwards Gave the sermon “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God”

Glory Ideas of the New World The Enlightenment: 1500’s; period of history in which science, political thought, and reason became a way of explaining the universe

Jean Jacques Rousseau Social Contract Theory: unwritten contract between the government and its people People give up rights, government provides for the people People can break away from government if they are not providing

Baron de Montesquieu Separation of Powers: the idea that government should divide its powers into multiple branches to avoid tyranny How many branches in the U.S. Government?

John Locke Natural Rights: rights all men have: life, liberty, property AKA: inalienable rights used Rousseau’s ideas of social contract to defend his point Does this sound familiar?

Other Radical Ideas about Government Common Law- a system of law based on precedent and custom Do not have to be written down Egalitarianism: idea that everyone is equal

Types of Colonies

Self-Governing (Charter) colony- owned by the King, but run by another person with his permission Ex. Jamestown, Va. Run by the Virginia company with the permission of the king

Proprietary colony -colony owned and run by someone other than the king James Oglethorpe Georgia Colony Served as a safe haven for run away debtor Also a buffer between the English colonies and the Spanish

Royal colony- Colony owned and governed by the English Monarchy All colonies were Royal Colonies Governed by representatives of the Monarchy Ex. Duke of York… All become Royal colonies eventually

Activity: Venn Diagram p. 24

The 13 Colonies Chart Use the computers and use your books to find the answers

Key Terms Ancient Greece Magna Carta Bicameral Joint-Stock Company 1 st Great Awakening Social Contract Separation of Powers Common Law Proprietary Colony Ancient Rome Columbus Jamestown Salem Witch Trials Pilgrims Enlightenment Natural Rights Self Governing Colony Royal Colony