Efficient Cities: Easy on the CO 2 and H 2 O Less CO 2  less sea level rise, more wetlands Less driving  less breakpad dust, oil runoff Less asphalt  more pervious  better H2O quality.

3 Stage Path to Sustainability Can’t go straight there 1) Populist: (convenient) Consciousness raising, light bulbs, Prius, green building –Low flow toilets, gray water recycling 2) Fundamental: (inconvenient) Efficient cities. Sustainable-savvy voters, government restructuring. –Fewer lawns –Less human land expansion  less watershed trashing 3) Profound: % reduction, less people, accurate pricing, renewable NRG, vegetarian, local food, anti-materialism, lower GNP, social cooperation/enlightenment, etc –Less livestock waste runoff, less fertilizer (fewer ocean dead zones/phytoplantkton).

Bay Area: 2MM more lousy humans Well, jobs are coming. Homes may sprawl. –Ag  residential, habitat  ag 2,000 square feet asphalt for each car Oakland downtown is booming, but Sunday Chron & Merc new homes section?  disaster.

© Jonathan Rose Companies, LLC Family Energy Consumption – driving matters most Oakland vs. Palo Alto vs. Tracy (work in Palo Alto)

Efficient Human Settlement Patterns Reducing driving is BIG, BIG, BIG –Prius is good, but not sufficient For each person, minimize the distances in the triangle below (units: miles  feet) Benefits: more happiness, less carbon, lower cost of living, better health, etc Solution: fix Palo Alto at a profit, spread like virus –Must innovate, need better tools. Home Job Activities

Culture: Low Miles Community Exploit behavior research Non auto-centric culture Good Deeds (make it easy) EBay’s online community phenomenon –Make friends, achieve social status –Self polices bad behavior “Communities of Practice” – expertise around a problem domain (green commutes).

Low Miles Community (2) Big new residential complex Everyone signs low mileage pledge –Entry condition to obtain housing –People are “self-consistent” Manufacture a tipping point –Currently, it’s often dumb to be green –Positive peer pressure Problem-solving think tank. Online & in person –Carpool to grocery store –Ex: Biking learning curve: route, gear, defensive People love to share such self-discovered expertise –Delivery services, etc.

New PRT: last mile solution

Comprehensive, Integrated Mobility Door to Door Centralized Cars: share, rent, ride home Delivery services, Personal activities, Business services first mile Train first mile Bus Walk Bike, scooter, Segway Flexpool Web/wireless coordination Supportive policy context Scale! Short carpool pick up first mile Long carpool Improved match-making Shared parking, nuride PRT shuttle system LAST MILE mid-day trips

Move closer to your job: Traffic Reducing Housing Priority access to new housing for green commuters –Waiting list The most cost-effective traffic reduction policy (ever). SF  San Jose (swap) –Or, “Proximate Commute” for Starbucks workers.

Traffic Reducing Hsng Examples Santa Barbara: 42 affordable apts –40 block walkable, mixed-use downtown –Priorities: no cars, work downtown –Result: TWENTY cars Stanford West Apts: 515 apts –Shuttle bus, biking, hostile to cars –396 Stanford, 96 hospital, 14 Palo Alto, 9 long commutes –10% short-commute rent discount –2.6 MM less VMT/CO2 lbs./yr Redwood City: 800 mkt rate condos –1 mi from dwntn, bike path –Cities21 victory –4 months: green commutes 1MM units: 3MM tons/yr.

Efficient Cities: Easy on the CO 2 and H 2 O 2MM new Bay Area residents