9 th Grade Social Studies Fall 2012 Unit 3
Martin Luther began a movement to reform the practices of the Catholic Church that he believed were wrong. Reformation leaders did not intend to destroy Christian unity but rather redefine it Lutheranism, Calvinism, and Anglicanism produced a dramatically new religious map. Catholic revival, and new tools such as the powerful Jesuit order, preserved much of territory for Catholicism, but it could not stem division. The result was a period of confusion and considerable conflict, including concern about witchcraft. The Big Picture
Why we study this unit: Martin Luther's protests over the abuses in the Catholic Church led to a permanent split within Christianity. Nearly one-fifth of the Christians in today's world are Protestants The Reformation's questioning of beliefs and authority laid the ground work for the Enlightenment.
Essential Questions: 1.How did abuses in the church spark widespread criticism? 2.How did Martin Luther challenge Catholic authority and teachings? 3.What role did John Calvin play in the Reformation?
Essential Questions: 4.What were the effects of Protestantism in England? 5.What reforms were made in the Catholic Church? 6.What were the religious and social effects of the Counter-Reformation?
Units: Last Unit: The Renaissance Current Unit: Protestant Reformation Next Unit: Absolutism
Even Days: Learning Activity/Assessment 11/7: Luther video Qs 11/7: Causes of Reformation 11/7: Protestant Reformation Part 1 11/9: Religions Chart 11/9: Luther Flowchart 11/9: Spread of Protestantism Qs 11/13: Luther vs. Calvin G.R. 11/13: Protestant Reformers chart 11/13: P.R. Review part 1 11/15: Pr. Spread to England
11/26: Tudor Family Tree 11/26: Tudor Monarchs Webquest 11/28: Actions of English Ref. 11/28: Elizabethan Settlement 11/28: Counter Ref. part 1 Even Days
11/30: Catholic Problems/Solutions 11/30: Counter Ref. part 2 12/4: Counter-Reformation Notes 12/4: Effects of the Counter-Reformation 12/4: PR Quiz Review part 2 Even Days
11/5: Luther video Qs 11/5: Protestant Reformation Part 1 11/8: Causes of Reformation 11/8: Religions Chart 11/8: Spread of Protestantism Qs 11/12: Luther Flowchart 11/12: Luther vs. Calvin G.R. 11/14: Protestant Reformers chart 11/14: P.R. Review part 1 11/16: Pr. Spreads to England Odd Days
11/16: Pr. Spread to England 11/27: Tudor Family Tree 11/27: Tudor Monarchs Webquest 11/29: Actions of English Ref. 12/3: Elizabethan Settlement 12/3: Actions of Monarchs 12/3: Counter Ref. part 1 12/3: Catholic Problems/Solutions 12/3: Counter Ref. part 2 Odd Days
12/3: Counter Ref. part 1 12/3: Catholic Problems/Solutions 12/3: Counter Ref. part 2 12/5: Counter Ref. notes 12/5: Effects of Counter Ref. 12/5: PR part 2 Review ODD DAYS
11/12: Protestant Ref. part 1 11/12: Causes of Reformation 11/12: Luther Video Qs 11/14: Religions Chart 11/14: Luther Flowchart 11/14: Spread of Protestantism Qs 11/16: Calvin vs. Luther G.R. 11/27: P.R. Quiz Review Applied
11/29: Spread of PR to England 12/3: Tudor Family Tree 12/3: Henry VIII’s Wives 12/5: Bloody Mary Video Qs 12/5: Elizabethan Settlement 12/5: Elizabeth I Qs Applied
Protestant Reformation Terms – Colum I Protestant Reformation Indulgences Martin Luther 95 Theses Edict of Worms Theocracy John Calvin Predestination Charles V Zwingli
Protestant Reformation Terms – Column II Henry VIII Anglican Church Act of Supremacy Annulled Edward VI Mary Tudor Elizabeth I
Counter-Reformation Jesuits Ignatius of Loyola Council of Trent Francis of Sales Teresa of Avila Inquisition Counter-Reformation Terms
People believed the church has strayed from its religious roots because of their political influence, wealth, and worldliness. Common criticisms included financial corruption, abuse of power, immorality and heavy taxation. Above all, the sale of indulgences sparked widespread criticism from Martin Luther. 1. How did abuses in the church spark widespread criticism?
Martin Luther challenged the basic beliefs of the Catholic Church in his 95 Theses. Luther believed faith alone was needed for salvation and rejected good deeds. He believed Jesus was the true leader of the Church and denied the pope's authority. Finally, Luther thought that the only source of religious truth was the Bible. 2. How did Martin Luther challenge Catholic authority and teachings?
Calvin held similar beliefs to Luther on salvation by faith alone and that the only source of religious truth was the Bible. He believed that predestination determined one's afterlife and it could not be changed by one's actions. He established a theocracy, where the government was run by church leaders. 3. What role did John Calvin play in the Reformation?
Henry VIII broke away from the Catholic Church for political reasons. After the pope refused to annul his first marriage, Henry declared himself the head of the Church and denied papal authority. After his death, England faced religious fighting under Protestant King Edward VI and Catholic Queen Mary. Finally, Elizabeth created a religious compromise that restored peace and firmly establish England as a Protestant nation. 4. What were the effects of Protestantism in England?
The Council of Trent was convened by Pope Paul III to address the problems of financial abuse and clergy corruption. The Jesuits used education and built schools, hospitals, and missions to combat the spread of Protestantism. Women played an active role in reforming church practices, helping the poor, and educating girls 5. What reforms were made by the Catholic Church?
The Counter Reformation slowed the spread of Protestantism but Europe remained divided between the Catholic south and Protestant north. The Counter-Reformation increased religious turmoil between Catholics and non-Catholics. Divisions occurred between the Protestant churches because of differences in their beliefs. Muslims and Jews were viewed as heretics and forced to convert. Fear inspired the persecution of people accused of practicing witchcraft. 6. What were the religious and social effects of the Counter-Reformation?