Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment ESONET (European Sea-Floor Observatories Network) 5-7 Oct. 2009All Regions Workshop #2

Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment LIDO will operate a first nucleus of seafloor observatory network at Mediterranean scale in two ESONET sites by aligning to the same performances SN1 cabled observatory (Eastern Sicily) and GEOSTAR observatory (Iberian Margin). The network performs activities on tsunami signal detection (early warning system prototype) marine mammals detection, classification and tracking. noise pollution LIDO Objectives: geohazard and bio-acoustics 5-7 Oct. 2009All Regions Workshop #2

Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment A REGIONAL NETWORK OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY OBSERVATORIES Recovery, Refurbishment and Deployment of Observatories Marine Operations and Ship Movements Standardisation and spreading of acoustic sensors and tsunami detectors RT Acoustic Software Development Acoustic Data Management Public outreach WP1 WP2 WP4 WP3 INGV, INFN, TEC, ISMAR, CSIC, TFH, UPC UB, dBSCALE, UPC UPC, CIBRA FFCUL, UPC Long-term RT monitoring of earthquakes and tsunamis Long-term RT monitoring of marine mammal acoustic signals and anthropogenic noise GEOHAZARDS BIOACOUSTICS WP5 Technical Assessment INFN, UPC Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment 5-7 Oct. 2009All Regions Workshop #2

Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment Recovery, Refurbishment and Deployment of Observatories Marine Operations and Ship Movements WP1 WP2 WP4 WP3 INGV, INFN, TEC, ISMAR, CSIC, TFH, UPC Long-term RT monitoring of earthquakes and tsunamis Long-term RT monitoring of marine mammal acoustic signals and anthropogenic noise GEOHAZARDS BIOACOUSTICS WP5 Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment 5-7 Oct. 2009All Regions Workshop #2 A REGIONAL NETWORK OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY OBSERVATORIES

Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment Recovery, Refurbishment and Deployment of Observatories Marine Operations and Ship Movements WP1 INGV, INFN, TEC, ISMAR, CSIC, TFH, UPC TASKS/ACTIVITIES: Developments and enhancements of NEMO-SN1 and GEOSTAR observatories and infrastructures to open the nodes of a first nucleus of regional network to other disciplines (bioacoustics) and homogenization of geophysical equipments by integration of additional sensor, devices, and software. Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment 5-7 Oct. 2009All Regions Workshop #2 A REGIONAL NETWORK OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY OBSERVATORIES

Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment 5-7 Oct. 2009All Regions Workshop #2 SN1 (Eastern ) is cabled: all data available in real time at the shore station. GEOSTAR (Iberian Margin) is acoustically and satellite linked to shore: only relevant data and event notification available in almost real time, all data at the recovery of the station. GEOSTAR (acoustic + satellite link) and SN-1 (cabled): main features/functions Technical aspects Both observatory will perform real time analysis at seafloor of water pressure and seismic data with a tsunami early warning system prototype (already tested during NEAREST EC project 2007/2008 mission) as well as bioacoustics analysis (marine mammals and noise pollution).

Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment LIDO East-Sicily infrastructure LNS Test Site Laboratory at the port of Catania: shore data acquisition system; local storage unit LNS-INFN Catania Radio Link (30 Mbps) NEMO JBTest Site South Test Site North 5 km Installation at 2000 m depth 20 km TS North LIDO on SN1 New ! CREEP of UCL TS South LIDO (GPS) Technical aspects 5-7 Oct. 2009All Regions Workshop #2

Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment 5-7 Oct. 2009All Regions Workshop #2 GEOSTAR – Cadiz set up Acoustic transmission Satellite Link GEOSTAR MODUS Buoy Technical aspects LIDO Iberian Margin: GEOSTAR setup

Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment 5-7 Oct. 2009All Regions Workshop #2 Status of the LIDO Observatories LIDO East Sicily - TS North onboard SN1 Integration of new sensors (including tsunameter and hydrophones) under completion LIDO East Sicily – TS South Hydrophones, front-end and data transmission electronics under test. Mechanics under completion Data management system under tests, Overall test phase starting. Deployment operations in early LIDO Iberian Margin onboard GEOSTAR Ready for deployment New deployment of the whole system (GEOSTAR and the buoy) scheduled for the end of October 2009, in the Gulf of Cadiz where the NEAREST experiment was conducted ( ); support of the Spanish vessel “Sarmiento de Gamboa” (CSIC)

Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment Recovery, Refurbishment and Deployment of Observatories Marine Operations and Ship Movements Standardisation and spreading of acoustic sensors and tsunami detectors RT Acoustic Software Development Acoustic Data Management Public outreach WP1 WP2 WP4 WP3 INGV, INFN, TEC, CSIC, TFH, UPC UB, dBSCALE, UPC UPC, CIBRA FFCUL, UPC Long-term RT monitoring of earthquakes and tsunamis Long-term RT monitoring of marine mammal acoustic signals and anthropogenic noise GEOHAZARDS BIOACOUSTICS WP5 Technical Assessment INFN, UPC Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment 5-7 Oct. 2009All Regions Workshop #2 A REGIONAL NETWORK OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY OBSERVATORIES

Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment Standardisation and spreading of acoustic sensors and tsunami detectors UB, dBSCALE, UPC WP2 TASKS/ACTIVITIES: Standardisation of ocean observatory measurements by implementing international accepted standard methods in data acquisition and management; Establishment of a sensor inventory; Long- term seismometric measurements and analysis. Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment 5-7 Oct. 2009All Regions Workshop #2 A REGIONAL NETWORK OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY OBSERVATORIES

Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment At ESONET level and more –SDI compliance with the GEOSS guidelines for interoperability –Standard sensor registration and discoverability of acoustic sensors –Real-Time Acoustic Data Management 5-7 Oct. 2009All Regions Workshop #2 Objectives and framework

Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment 5-7 Oct. 2009All Regions Workshop #2 Sensors and standardization –Activity 2.4 Implementation of a data collection and dissemination service based on the Sensor Web Enablement (SWE) and Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) concepts and compliant to the GEOSS guidelines allowing interoperability (DOI: /PASSIVE ) based on OGC SWE and IEEE 1451 smart sensors –Activity 2.5: Currently updating ESONET sensor registration interface in agreement with OSIRIS SML discovery profile for hydrophone instances Technical aspects

Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment 5-7 Oct. 2009All Regions Workshop #2 First results Eventually –Science –Technical aspects Agreement on a progressive implementation of Sensor Web Enablement, starting with sensor metadata encodings in SML –Etc… Technical aspects

Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment Recovery, Refurbishment and Deployment of Observatories Marine Operations and Ship Movements Standardisation and spreading of acoustic sensors and tsunami detectors Public outreach WP1 WP2 WP4 WP3 INGV, INFN, TEC, ISMAR, CSIC, TFH, UPC UB, dBSCALE, UPC UPC, CIBRA FFCUL, UPC Long-term RT monitoring of earthquakes and tsunamis Long-term RT monitoring of marine mammal acoustic signals and anthropogenic noise GEOHAZARDS BIOACOUSTICS WP5 INFN, UPC Technical Assessment RT Acoustic Software Development Acoustic Data Management Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment 5-7 Oct. 2009All Regions Workshop #2 A REGIONAL NETWORK OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY OBSERVATORIES

Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment WP5 INFN, UPC Technical Assessment Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment TASKS/ACTIVITIES: Test and validation of low cost acoustic arrays and recording systems to be implemented in additional locations to extend the monitoring network and possibly evaluate new European sites for long term monitoring. 5-7 Oct. 2009All Regions Workshop #2 A REGIONAL NETWORK OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY OBSERVATORIES

Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment 5-7 Oct. 2009All Regions Workshop #2 Selected hydrophone (SMID): 3500 m operational depth Tested and pressure calibrated at NATO-URC: no change of sensitivity vs. P requested Moulded and cabled by Seacon Relative Hydrophone sensitivity variation with hydrostatic pressure at 20 kHz Measured variations ≤ ±1 dB 300 Bar400 Bar Hydrophone sensitivity calibrated at NURC (40 hydrophones) Measured differences ≤ ±2 dB Technical aspects LIDO East-Sicily hydrophones

Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment 5-7 Oct. 2009All Regions Workshop #2 Power supply, Data acquisition and transmission system realised. All mechanichal parts available. Now under test. Final integration: October channel ADC 96 kHz – 24 bits 13’’ Glass Housing for DAQ and DAT PSD dBV rms Frequency kHz Equivalent noise : Total Power -90 dB V RMS Plateau: -135 dB V RMS /sqrt(Hz) Test and calibration. Measured: Equivalent noise of the whole system Front-end electronics calibration 4 hydrophones +preamps Technical aspects LIDO East-Sicily: Acoustics at TSN

Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment 5-7 Oct. 2009All Regions Workshop #2 Power supply, Data acquisition and transmission system realised and tested. Mechanichal parts acquired. Final integration December x2 channel custom ADC board 192 kHz – 24 bits Custom data transmission board (embeds GPS time in the data flow) Test and calibration. Measured: Equivalent noise of the whole system Front-end electronics calibration Time resolution: <1 µs wrt GPS time 4 hydrophones +preamps Technical aspects LIDO East-Sicily: Acoustics at TSS PSD dBV rms Frequency kHz Plateau: -140 dB V RMS /sqrt(Hz) Equivalent noise : Total Power -90 dB V RMS

Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment 5-7 Oct. 2009All Regions Workshop #2 SensorrateModel 3-C broad-band seismometer *100 HzGuralp CMG-1T ( Hz) Differential Pressure Gauge (DPG)10 HzPrototype Univ. of California-St. Diego Hydrophone (Geophysics)200 HzOAS E-2PD Hydrophone (Geophysics)2000 HzSMID ( Hz) Hydrophone (Bio-acoustics)96 kHzSMID ( Hz) Absolute Pressure Gauge *15 sParoscientific 8CB4000-I 3-C Accelerometer + 3-C Gyro (IMU)100 HzGladiator Technologies Landmark 10 Gravity meter1 HzPrototype IFSI-INAF CTD + Turbidity meter1 s/hSeaBird SBE-37SM Wet Lab ADCP1 profile/hRDI Workhorse Monitor (600 kHz) Vectorial magnetometer1 HzPrototype INGV Scalar magnetometer1 HzMarine Magnetics Sentinel (3000 m) 3-C single point currentmeter2 HzNobska MAVS-3 (*) tsunami early warning system LIDO East-Sicily: SN1 payload Technical aspects

Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment LIDO East-Sicily Technical aspects 5-7 Oct. 2009All Regions Workshop #2

Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment SETUP Pre-Processing Server Segments & tags data Encodes 1 channel into mp3 No data storage – we rely on the MADS Analysis Server Source identification Localisation and tracking of sources Transmission analysis results and mp3 channel 4-channel multi- cast data stream Transmission of analysis results and mp3 data to Web Server ADS Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment 5-7 Oct. 2009All Regions Workshop #2 LIDO East-Sicily Technical aspects

Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment 5-7 Oct. 2009All Regions Workshop #2 sensorsampl. ratemodel Triaxial broad band seismometer *100HzGuralp CMG-40 Triaxial accelerometer100HzGuralp CMG5-T Hydrophone100HzOAS E-2PD Absolute Pressure Gauge *15secParoscientific 8CB Accelerometer+Gyros (IMU)100HzGladiator Technologies Landmark 10 Gravity meter1HzIFSI (INAF) Prototype #2 CTD + Transmissometer1smp/hourSeaBird SBE 16 plus Wet Labs ECO-BBRTD 6000m ADCP1profile/hourRDI Workhorse 300 Khz Currentmeter5HzNobska MAVS-3 (*) tsunami early warning system Technical aspects LIDO Iberian Margin: GEOSTAR payload

Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment 5-7 Oct. 2009All Regions Workshop #2 Technical aspects LIDO Iberian Margin: GEOSTAR payload BIOACOUSTIC ANTENNA - SMID Digital Hydrophones (same characteristics as for LIDO East-Sicily) - Autonomous power supply - Real-Time analysis and storage of acoustic events - 2,5x0,30m sealed cylindrical casing - Will be tested before December 2009 at the OBSEA (Vilanova i la Geltrú, Barcelona) cabled site.

Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment 5-7 Oct. 2009All Regions Workshop #2 Acoustic link Main station (INGV-Roma) Service station (backUp) Buoy Satellite link LAN - Internet link data distribution (mailboxes, web server) LIDO Iberian Margin: Communications and data distribution Technical aspects – Data Management

Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment Recovery, Refurbishment and Deployment of Observatories Marine Operations and Ship Movements Standardisation and spreading of acoustic sensors and tsunami detectors RT Acoustic Software Development Acoustic Data Management Public outreach WP1 WP2 WP4 WP3 INGV, INFN, TEC, ISMAR, CSIC, TFH, UPC UB, dBSCALE, UPC UPC, CIBRA FFCUL, UPC Long-term RT monitoring of earthquakes and tsunamis Long-term RT monitoring of marine mammal acoustic signals and anthropogenic noise GEOHAZARDS BIOACOUSTICS WP5 Technical Assessment INFN, UPC Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment 5-7 Oct. 2009All Regions Workshop #2 A REGIONAL NETWORK OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY OBSERVATORIES

Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment RT Acoustic Software Development Acoustic Data Management WP4 UPC, CIBRA FFCUL, UPC TASKS/ACTIVITIES: Development of RT and automatic analysis softwares: Long-term recording and analysis of natural, artificial and biological sound sources; Identification and tracking of cetaceans; Long-term noise interactions and masking. Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment 5-7 Oct. 2009All Regions Workshop #2 A REGIONAL NETWORK OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY OBSERVATORIES

Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment Real time detection of acoustic events in the presence of sea noise RT Acoustic Software Development Acoustic Data Management UPC, CIBRA Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment Data sources: NEMO ANTARES MobySound Gibraltar Canary Islands 5-7 Oct. 2009All Regions Workshop #2

Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment Marine soundscape * Cetacean whistles and calls * Cetacean clicks, bursts, creaks, buzzes... * Tonal, impulsive and broadband ship noise * Explosions * Sonar, echosounder, * Waves, rain, bubbles, etc. * Etc. Challenging for automated classification mehtods Diversity of acoustic events and many sources of background noise 5-7 Oct. 2009All Regions Workshop #2

Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment audio data stream Segment 1Segment 2Segment 3Segment 4Segment 6Segment 5... Localisation Tracking Classifier 1 Classifier 2... Stage 2 Discard sea noise Assign broad categories Stage 1 Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment FM-tonals Impulses (1- 20 KHz) Impulses (all)... Sperm whales Beaked whales Pilot whales Dolphins Ships Sonar... Bearing, Position Trajectory, … Stage 3 Real-Time Mitigation Long term assessment and Control of the effects of anthropogenic sources on marine organisms (i.e. whales)... Public outreach Education End users Administration 5-7 Oct. 2009All Regions Workshop #2

Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment 5-7 Oct. 2009All Regions Workshop #2

Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment Results The system modules allow to automatically extract a subset of acoustic events only contaminated with a very small proportion of sounds from shipping. The modules can be adapted to any frequency bands and classes of impulses, tonal sounds or other acoustic signals. Possible applications of the system are the real time: (1) Discard of undesired data before transmission or storage; (2) Selection of a specific subset of a long recording to estimate abundance, daily or seasonal activity patterns of cetacean or shipping; (3) Mitigation of potentially harmful anthropogenic activities. 5-7 Oct. 2009All Regions Workshop #2

Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment Public outreach WP1 WP2 WP4 WP3 INGV, INFN, TEC, CSIC, TFH, UPC UB, dBSCALE UPC, CIBRA FFCUL, UPC Long-term RT monitoring of earthquakes and tsunamis Long-term RT monitoring of marine mammal acoustic signals and anthropogenic noise GEOHAZARDS BIOACOUSTICS WP5 INFN, UPC Recovery, Refurbishment and Deployment of Observatories Marine Operations and Ship Movements Standardisation and spreading of acoustic sensors and tsunami detectors RT Acoustic Software Development Acoustic Data Management Technical Assessment Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment 5-7 Oct. 2009All Regions Workshop #2 A REGIONAL NETWORK OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY OBSERVATORIES

Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment Public outreach WP3 FFCUL, UPC Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment TASKS/ACTIVITIES: Real-time transmission of marine mammal acoustic signals and acoustic images from seafloor cabled observatory to public institutions (e.g., Scientific Museums, Aquaria) where the whole ESONET network will be presented together with the “sonic imagery” of the LIDO stations. 5-7 Oct. 2009All Regions Workshop #2 A REGIONAL NETWORK OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY OBSERVATORIES

Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment 5-7 Oct. 2009All Regions Workshop #2

Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment Modeling sound source interactions from optimised data 5-7 Oct. 2009All Regions Workshop #2

Listening to the Deep-Ocean Environment 5-7 Oct. 2009All Regions Workshop #2 EURONEWS FUTURIS: NOISE POLLUTION IN LIDO 8mn Programme 8 Languages 134 Countries September, 4 times/day