Hebrews
Canaan
Canaan Ancient Home of the Hebrews/Jews
Background Settled between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River Valley The Hebrew Bible refers to Canaan as the land God promised to the Israelites
Monotheism The belief in one god This was practiced by the Hebrews the first to be monotheistic
Origins of Judaism The monotheism of Abraham became the foundation of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam
Torah The first five books of the Hebrew Bible Contains the written records and the beliefs of the Jews
Abraham The father of the Jewish people Lived in Mesopotamia Move his family to Canaan Around 1650 BC, his decedents moved to Egypt
Abraham
Hebrew GOD One God No Physical Being First Covenant-Oral Contract Abraham to obey/God Protect
Moses In Egypt, the Hebrews were forced to be slaves Between 1300 and 1200, the Hebrews fled Egypt This is known as the “Exodus”
Exodus Moses led the people out of Egypt according to the Torah He did this because he was commanded by God
Ten Commandments New Covenant This became the basis for the Hebrew law code With this code they believed that by following the commandments God would protect them
Arrival in Canaan Wandered desert for 40 years Settled in Canaan Divided into 12 tribes led by judges-self governing
Women Were not religious officials Expected to raise children Deborah (exception) A judge
Law Religious Code Ten Commandments Rules that regulate social and religious behavior
Geography of Canaan Rocky, arid desert Central Feature- Jordan River
Kingdom of Israel From 1020 to 922 BC, the Hebrews united under three kings Golden Age of Israel
Saul Drove Philistines out of Canaan-reason chosen as leader
David United the Tribes Founded a Dynasty Establish Jerusalem as Capital Extremely popular leader
Solomon Son of David Most powerful Israelite King Established Trade Rebuilt Jerusalem Built Great Temple
Solomon’s Temple
Kingdom Divides Harsh Conditions Heavy Taxes Forced Labor Israel splits after Solomon’s death Israel North/Judah South
Kingdom taken Over In 738 BC the Israelites began to pay tribute to the Assyrians took over the northern Kingdom of Israel
Babylonians Took over Judah The Babylonians destroyed Solomon’s temple and exiled the surviving Hebrews to Babylon
Exile Banished or deported from a land The Hebrews kept studying their Bible About 50 years later they were allowed to return to Jerusalem and rebuild the temple
Diaspora The scattering of Jewish Communities After the exile, Hebrews spread across the land They spread the teachings of Judaism