Arctic Circle Arctic Boundary according to AMAP Arctic boundary according to AHDR.

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Presentation transcript:

Arctic Circle Arctic Boundary according to AMAP Arctic boundary according to AHDR

Icelandic Arctic foreign policy developments early 21st C US closes military bases, 2006 Economic crash, 2008 Comprehensive, risk assessment, 2009 Report: 'Iceland and the High North', 2009 Resolution for an Icelandic Arctic policy, 2011

Resolution for an Icelandic Arctic policy Strengthening the Arctic Council

Resolution for an Icelandic Arctic policy Strengthening the Arctic Council 2.Securing Iceland's position as a coastal state

Resolution for an Icelandic Arctic policy Strengthening the Arctic Council 2.Securing Iceland's position as a coastal state 3.Promoting extended Arctic region

Resolution for an Icelandic Arctic policy Strengthening the Arctic Council 2.Securing Iceland's position as a coastal state 3.Promoting extended Arctic region 4.Resolving differences through UNCLOS

Resolution for an Icelandic Arctic policy Strengthening the Arctic Council 2.Securing Iceland's position as a coastal state 3.Promoting extended Arctic region 4.Resolving differences through UNCLOS 5.Strengthening West Nordic cooperation

Resolution for an Icelandic Arctic policy Strengthening the Arctic Council 2.Securing Iceland's position as a coastal state 3.Promoting extended Arctic region 4.Resolving differences through UNCLOS 5.Strengthening West Nordic cooperation 6.Supporting the rights of indigenous peoples

Resolution for an Icelandic Arctic policy Building on agreements and promoting cooperation with other States and stakeholders

Resolution for an Icelandic Arctic policy Building on agreements and promoting cooperation with other States and stakeholders 8. Mitigate human-induced climate change and its effects

Resolution for an Icelandic Arctic policy Building on agreements and promoting cooperation with other States and stakeholders 8. Mitigate human-induced climate change and its effects 9. Safeguarding security interests through civilian means and working against militarisation

Resolution for an Icelandic Arctic policy Building on agreements and promoting cooperation with other States and stakeholders 8. Mitigate human-induced climate change and its effects 9. Safeguarding security interests through civilian means and working against militarisation 10. Developing trade relations between States

Resolution for an Icelandic Arctic policy Building on agreements and promoting cooperation with other States and stakeholders 8. Mitigate human-induced climate change and its effects 9. Safeguarding security interests through civilian means and working against militarisation 10. Developing trade relations between States 11. Advancing knowledge of Arctic issues

Resolution for an Icelandic Arctic policy Building on agreements and promoting cooperation with other States and stakeholders 8. Mitigate human-induced climate change and its effects 9. Safeguarding security interests through civilian means and working against militarisation 10. Developing trade relations between States 11. Advancing knowledge of Arctic issues 12. Increasing cooperation at the domestic level

Iceland as EU’s northernmost State? EU Accession talks – Special Arctic report May 2013, Elections EU talks suspended indefinitely

Coalition platform of the Progressive Party and the Independence Party Iceland should become a leading power in Arctic and West Nordic cooperation, and should act upon possible opportunities relating to oil and gas in the High North

Further developments European cooperation through the EEA and Schengen 2013 Report of Minister of Foreign Affairs to the Parliament. Icelandic consulate at Nuuk, Greenland FM’s statement of interest to increase cooperation with the Faroe Islands

Arctic issues in bilateral and multilateral relations NATO and other allies Defence cooperation since 2006 UNCLOS Arctic Council – PAME & CAFF working groups – SAR, 2011, and oil-spill response, 2013 – Secretary-General (Magnús Jóhannesson) AC permanent secretariat

Arctic issues in bilateral and multilateral relations EU ‘Northern Dimension’ programme with Norway, Russia and all EU Barents Euro-Arctic Council Nordic Cooperation framework – Parliamentary Nordic Council - Nordic Council of Ministers (NCM) – West Nordic sub-group

Arctic issues in bilateral and multilateral relations NCM Stoltenberg report – Nordic security cooperation – Haga Mutual aid in civilian emergencies (‘Nordic solidarity clause’) West Nordic and Arctic joint risk analysis and response

West Nordic Council: Greenland, Iceland & the Faroe Islands

BRICs & Asia

Where next? Is Iceland ‘playing all sides’ to its detriment? Is it dealing sufficiently ? – with climate change? – With military threats? – Militarization of the arctic – Wider security and safety Pros and cons of West Nordic & non-arctic cooperation Is the Small States approach too simplistic?