Unit 5: Diversity Thurs 4/5: Genocide and the Holocaust First they came for the Jews And I did not speak out— Because I was not a Jew. Then they came for the communists And I did not speak out— Because I was not a communist. Then they came for the trade unionists And I did not speak out— Because I was not a trade unionist. Then they came for me— And there was no one left To speak out for me. ~Pastor Niemoeller Bell Work: 1.What is the main idea of the poem? 2.Why do you think some people in the area do not fight against a genocide that is going on around them?

Unit 5: Diversity What is Indifference? Indifference: A lack of interest or concern, something of unimportance What can this lead to? –Bullying, teasing, exclusion, segregation, violence

Unit 5: Diversity Lets Destroy Some Common Perceptions The Holocaust did not just involve persecuting the Jewish people of Europe 12 million people were killed during Its duration The Nazi Holocaust also targeted: – Political Opponents, Communists, the Mentally and Physically Disabled, Jews, Slavs, Gypsies, and Many Other Groups

Unit 5: Diversity How is the Holocaust a Genocide?

Unit 5: Diversity 1. Classification People are divided into "us and them".

Unit 5: Diversity Identify the target-Political Opposition The Initial Victims of the Holocaust Were Those Who Opposed/or Could Oppose the Nazi Party –Political Opponents –Church Officials Why? –Remove Those Opposed to the Ideas/Plans of the Nazi Party and Could Hinder or Inhibit the Nazi Vision of Germany from happening

Unit 5: Diversity Nazis ban Jews from military. Nuremberg race laws against Jews decreed. –Marriages between Jews and subjects of German blood are forbidden. –A Reich citizen is only that subject of German blood. –A Jew cannot be a Reich citizen. –Jews may only be given certain names. Identify the target- Jews

Unit 5: Diversity Identify the target- Mentally & Physically Disabled To rid the Aryan race of these people, the Nazis tried the following… –1930’s Isolated children by sending them to “Care Facilities” –1939 Experimentation in Genocide where Nazis perfected methods of Genocide

Unit 5: Diversity 2. Symbolization When combined with hatred, symbols may be forced upon unwilling members

Unit 5: Diversity 3. Dehumanization One group denies the humanity of the other group. Members of it are equated with animals, vermin, insects or diseases. Hitler said that any filth who was against the Nazi party, was also against the prosperity of Germany and not therefore, no longer considered German

Unit 5: Diversity 4. Organization Genocide is always organized... Special army units or militias are often trained and armed –Heinrich Himmler-head of the Schutzstaffel (SS) –SS = Military branch of the Nazi Party

Unit 5: Diversity 5. Polarization Hate groups broadcast polarizing propaganda New laws that promote segregation

Unit 5: Diversity 6. Preparation Victims are identified and separated out because of their ethnic or religious identity Life in the Ghettos

Unit 5: Diversity Ghettos Jewish Ghettos were established by the Nazis –Mostly in Eastern Europe, namely Poland –Neighborhoods where only Jews could live; poor areas; supervised/guarded with limited resources –Overcrowded; epidemics and starvation

Unit 5: Diversity Why Ghettos? Separate the Jewish population from the non-Jews –Built walls and had guards around ghettos –No one could come in or out Dehumanize the Jews –Take away human rights and sense of a normal life: curfews, job restrictions, access to food

Unit 5: Diversity Life Goes On Not knowing what was to become of them, Jewish people continued to try and live a “normal” life –Tended to the sick, elderly, and very young –Taught the children history, literature, etc –Tried to preserve their faith through prayer services

Unit 5: Diversity Dachau First Concentration Camp Opened 1933 Housed Mainly Political Prisoners Dachau Served as the Model for Concentration Camp Organization

Unit 5: Diversity 7. Extermination It is "extermination" to the killers because they do not believe their victims to be fully human.

Unit 5: Diversity Concentration vs. Death Camps Labor in Camps Helped the War Effort Nazis Had Work Narrowed Down to a Science –Knew How Long an Individual Could Work Before Body Breakdown Death Camps Young Men, Old Men, & Women Those Who Could Not Work “Showers” of Zyklon-B Crematories

Unit 5: Diversity “The Fuhrer has ordered the Final Solution of the Jewish question. We, the SS, have to carry out this order…” –The Final Solution was to kill the Jews

Unit 5: Diversity The Final Solution Ghettos were NOT permanent settlements for Jews –“holding station” 1942, Jews in ghettos began to be “resettled” –Others quickly discovered this meant being transferred to a death camp or immediately to death –Some strong Jews moved to labor camps for a while before being exterminated

Unit 5: Diversity Locations of Death and Concentration Camps

Unit 5: Diversity Auschwitz

Unit 5: Diversity Majdanek

Unit 5: Diversity Belzec

Unit 5: Diversity Chelmno

Unit 5: Diversity Treblinka

Unit 5: Diversity Liquidation

Unit 5: Diversity The Boxcar Ride

Unit 5: Diversity The Boxcar Ride

Unit 5: Diversity Arrival at Camp

Unit 5: Diversity Arrival at Camp

Unit 5: Diversity Reception

Unit 5: Diversity Sorting the Inmates

Unit 5: Diversity Sorting the Inmates

Unit 5: Diversity 8. Denial The perpetrators deny that they committed any crimes –Nuremberg Trials Nazi officials out on trial for their wrong- doings

Unit 5: Diversity The Aftermath of the Holocaust Could This Happen Again? –Bosnia, Kosovo, Rwanda, Sudan…

Unit 5: Diversity Rwandan Genocide Country located in south-central Africa 85% Hutu, 15% Tutsi In 1994, around 1 million Tutsi are killed

Unit 5: Diversity Hotel Rwanda Historical drama film about the hotelier Paul Rusesabagina during the Rwandan Genocide of –Rusesabagina's acts to save the lives of his family and more than a thousand other refugees, by granting them shelter in his hotel –an estimated 800,000 people, mainly Tutsi, were killed by the Hutu extremists

Unit 5: Diversity Homework Hotel Rwanda Vocabulary Assignment