EAST AFRICA TODAY SECTION 3 PG. 546

Tanzania and Kenya Today: ◦-Both economies rely heavily on tourism and agriculture ◦Safari- an overland journey to view African Wildlife ◦Much of Kenya's farmable land is set aside as a national parkland to preserve the wildlife. ◦-Tanzania is rich in gold and diamonds but the people are poor. ◦ Why are the people of Tanzania poor??

Tanzania and Kenya Today ◦Geothermal Energy: is energy produced from the heat of Earths interior. ◦ This heat comes in the form of extremely hot steam that comes up to the surface through cracks in the rift valleys. ◦Tanzania's capital city is Dodoma. ◦Kenya's capital is Nairobi

Rwanda and Burundi: ◦Rwanda and Burundi are mostly populated by two ethnic groups, the Tutsi and the Hutu. ◦Both counties had to gain their independence from the European country of Belgium. ◦There is much hatred between the Tutsi and Hutu which led to genocide- the intentional destruction of a people group. ◦ In the 1990s the Hutu tried to completely destroy the Tutsi, armed bands of Hutu killed hundreds of thousands of Tutsi. ◦Rwanda and Burundi are two of the most populated countries in all of Africa.

Sudan and Uganda: ◦Sudan is a mainly agricultural country with few mineral resources. ◦Sudan has suffered from decades of ethnic and religious conflicts. ◦Uganda also suffered and is still recovering from several decades of a military dictatorship. ◦Coffee is Uganda's major export.

The Horn of Africa: ◦Four East African countries that are located on the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean make up the Horn of Africa, this area is called the Horn because it resembles the horn of a rhinoceros. ◦The four counties are Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somalia, and Djibouti. ◦Ethiopia has never been under foreign rule, unlike many other countries of the horn and the rest of Africa. ◦Why has Ethiopia never been under foreign rule? ◦Most Ethiopians living in the highlands are Christian while many of the people living in the lowlands are Muslim.

The Horn of Africa ◦In the late 1800s the Italians made Eritrea a colony and it was not until the 1960s that it became an Ethiopian province. ◦Eritrea is known for its spectacular coral reefs. ◦Somalia is a country of deserts and dry savannas, as a result most Somalians are nomadic herders. ◦In the 1990s Somalia suffered from a widespread starvation caused by a civil war and a severe drought. ◦Djibouti is a small desert country that the French took control of in the 1860s. Djibouti did not gain independence until 1977.