HEAVY ENGINEERING INDUSTRY – ITS IMPORTANCE PRODUCES HEAVY MACHINES REQUIRED BY OTHER INDUSTRIES. PRODUCS AUTOMOBILES, RAILWAY ENGINES, SHIPS, AIRCRAFTS, ETC. PROVIDES EMPLOYMENT TO CONSIDERABLE SHARE IN TOTAL NUMBER OF INDUSTRIALWORKERS. EARNS LARGE AMOUNT OF FOREIGN EXCHANGE.

BASIC REQUIREMENTS OF HEAVY ENGINEERING HUGE CAPITAL INVESTMENT. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT FACILITIES. LOCATION NEAR MARKET DUE TO HEAVY RAW MATERIALS AND FINISHED PRODUCTS.

INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY MANUFACTURING COTTON TEXTILE MACHINERY – GWALIOR, KOLKOTA, COIMBATORE, AHMEDABAD, LUDHIANA. SUGAR MILL MACHINERY – KOLKOTA, CHENNAI, MUMBAI CEMENT MACHINERY – MUMBAI, CHENNAI PAPER MILL MACHINERY – JAMSHEDPUR, ROURKELA.

MACHINE TOOLS 1.HINDUSTAN MACHINE TOOLS/ HMT – FIRST LARGE SCALE MODERN MACHINE TOOLS FACTORY SET UP WIT SWISS COLLABORATION AT BANGALORE. PRODUCES MACHINE TOOLS, WRIST WATCHES, TRACTORS, LAMPS, PRINTING MACHINERY… 2. HEAVY MACHINES & AND TOOLS PLANT – AT RANCHI WITH CZECH COLLABORATION.

Railway equipment INDIA – SELF – SUFFICIENT IN PRODUCTION OF RAILWAY EQUIPMENT. EXPORTS RAILS, LOCOMOTIVES, COACHES, WAGONS… 1. CHITTARANJAN LOCOMOTIVE WORKS – AT WEST BENGAL. GETS IRON FROM DURGAPUR. 2. THE DIESEL LOCOMOTIVE WORKS – AT VARANASI, UTTAR PRADESH. 3. TELCO – TATA ENGINEERING AND LOCOMOTIVE WORK – PRIVATE SECTOR AT JAMSHEDPUR. 4. OTHER RAILWAY EQUIPMENT – AT BHILAI, DURGAPUR, ROURKELA 5. INTEGRAL COACH FACTORY AT PERAMBUR NEAR CHENNAI – RAILWAY COACHES WITH SWISS COLLABORATION.

Automobile industry GENERAL MOTORS/ FORD MOTOR COMPANY / PREMIER AUTOMOBILES/ HINDUSTAN MOTORS. CURRENT INDUSTRIAL POLICY = NO INDUSTRIAL LICENSE REQUIRED NOW FOR SETTING UP UNIT FOR MANUFACTURE OF AUTOMOBILES. NORMS FOR FOREIGN INVESTMENT AND IMPORT OF TECHNOLOGY LIBERALISED TO MAKE THE SECTOR GLOBALLY COMPETITIVE. FDI – FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT PERMISSIBLE NOW. NUMBER OF MANUFACTURING FACILITIES INCREASING. MOTORCYCLES MANUFACTURED AT FARIDABAD, MYSORE. SCOOTERS AT LUCKNOW, SATARA

TELCO – TATA ENGINEERING ND LOCOMOTIVE COMPANY LIMITED LEADING PRODUCER OF MEDIUM AND HEAVY COMMERCIAL VEHICLES CHENNAI – CALLED AS DETROIT OF INDIA – MAIN PRODUCERS OF CARS – FORD, MARUTI, SKODA HYUNDAI, RENAULT, MITSUBISHI, NISSAN, BMW… TRACTORS – IN HYDERABAD, GURGAON,,MUMBAI, NASIK. TWO WHEELERS – GURGAON.

SHIP BUILDING INDUSTRY INDIA – SECOND TO JAPAN AMONG ASIAN COUNTRIES, IN SHIPPING TONNAGE. A LARGE AND COMPLICATED INDUSTRY REQUIRING HUGE CAPITAL INVESTMENT. IDEALLY SUITED LOCATION – HARBOURS WITH LARGE SPACE. FOUR MAIN CENTRES OF SHIP BUILDING INDUSTRY – VISHAKAPATNAM, KOLKOTA, KOCHI, MUMBAI. – ALL PUBLIC SECTOR.

SHIP BUILDING INDUSTRIES VISHAKAPATNAM – HINDUSTAN SHIPYARD LIMITED – LARGEST SHIPYARD. KOCHI – COCHIN SHIPYARD LIMITED – WITH JAPANESE COLLABORATION. MAZAGAON DOCKS – MUMBAI – BUILDS DOCK CRANES, CRUISERS, FOR THE INDIAN NAVY.

AIRCRAFT INDUSTRY FIRST AIRCRAFT INDUSTRY SET UP AT BANGALORE – HINDUSTAN AIRCRAFT LIMITED- A PRIVATE COMPANY LATER TAKEN OVER BY THE GOVERNMENT. THIS COMPANY WAS MERGED INTO AERONAUTICS INDIA LIMITED TO FORM HINDUSTAN AERONAUTICS LIMITED [ HAL] DIFFERENT PARTS OF AIRCRAFTS ARE MANUFACTURED AT DIFFERENT PLACES DUE TO SECURITY REASONS. MAIN DIVISIONS OF HAL – NASIK – AIR FRAME MANUFACTURED KORAPUT – MIG AIRCRAFT ENGINE UTTAR PRADESH – HELICOPTERS, LIGHT COMBAT AIRCRAFTS AT KANPUR.

PETROCHEMICALS CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS DERIVED FROM PETROLEUM RESOURCES. PETROCHEMICALS USED FOR MANUFACTURING SYNTHETIC FIBRES, SYNTHETIC RUBBER, PLASTICS, DYE STUFF, INSECTICIDES, DRUGS, PHARMACEUTICALS… PRODUCTION UNITS – FIRST PETROCHEMICAL COMPLEX SET UP BY UNIO CARBIDE INDIA LIMITED AT TROMBAY. CENTRAL INSTITUTE OF PLASTICS ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY – CIPET – TO TRAIN STUDENTS ON VARIOUS DISCIPLINES OF PLASTICS

NEW TRENDS IN PETROCHEMICALS NEW POLICY OF LIBERALISATION – DELICENSING OF THE INDUSTRY. LOCATION OF NEW PETROCHEMICAL PLANTS NEAR OIL REFINERIES – FOR FASTER GROWTH IN THE INDUSTRY. TRADITIONAL RAW MATERIALS LIKE JUTE, FIBRE, NATURAL RUBBER ARE BEING REPLACED BY PETROCHEMICALS BECAUSE – PETROCHEMICALS ARE COST EFFECTIVE EASIY AVAILABILITY OF RAW MATERIAL

ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY PRODUCTS LIKE TELEVISION SETS, TRANSISTOR SETS, TELEPHONE EXCHANGES, COMPUTERS, DEFENCE, RAILWAY, METEOROLOGICAL DEPARTMENTS… ONE OF THE FASTEST GROWING INDUSTRY NOW IN INDIA. INDIA EXPORTS ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS FOR – DISPLAY TECHNOLOGIES ENTERTAINMENT ELECTRONICS OPTICAL STORAGE DEVICES INDIA IS ADDING TWO MILLION MOBILE PHONE USERS EVERY MONTH.

BANGALORE LARGEST CENTRE FOR ELECTRONICS GOODS PRODUCTION – CALLED ELECTRONIC CAPITAL OF INDIA. [ SOFTWARE EMERGED AS MAJOR INDUSTRY IN FIELD OF ELECTRONICS – SOFTWARE EXPORTS INCREASED REMARKABLY] BANGALORE ALSO CALLED AS INDIA’S SILICON VALLEY – LARGE NUMBER OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY COMPANIES. INFOSYS / WIPRO – HAVE LARGEST CAMPUSES IN ELECTRONICS CITY.

ADVANTAGES OF BANGALORE ABUNDANCE OF SKILLED MANPOWER. SOUND INFRATRUCTURE. LINKED WITH ALL PARTS OF THE COUNTRY BY RAIL, ROAD AND AIR. LINKED WITH OUTSIDE WORLD THROUGH PORT.

GROWTH IN ELECTRONICS TELEVISION INDUSTRY GROWN TREMENDOUSLY – MAJOR PRODUCERS – MUMBAI, DELHI, BANGALORE. GROWTH IN PRODUCTION OF AUDIO SYSTEMS. SPACE TECHNOLOGY – LAUNCHING OF INDIGENEOUSLY BUILT SATELLITES INCLUDING APPLE, INSAT – 1 SERIES AND ISAT -2 SERIES. GROWTH IN REMOTE SENSING PROGRAMS OF INDIAN REMOTE SENSING ORGANISATION AT HYDERABAD. GROWTH IN CELLULAR TELECOM.