Extending the Bill of Rights Amendments XI - XXVII

Amendment XI Limits the jurisdiction of federal courtsLimits the jurisdiction of federal courts Cannot try cases in which a state is sued by citizens of another state or a foreign countryCannot try cases in which a state is sued by citizens of another state or a foreign country

Amendment XII Deals with presidential electionsDeals with presidential elections Requires presidential electors to cast separate ballots for the president and vice presidentRequires presidential electors to cast separate ballots for the president and vice president

Amendment XIII A Civil War amendment (1865)A Civil War amendment (1865) Abolished slaveryAbolished slavery Authorized Congress to pass legislation enforcing this actAuthorized Congress to pass legislation enforcing this act

Amendment XIV Another Civil War amendment (1868)Another Civil War amendment (1868) Originally meant to protect the rights of freed slavesOriginally meant to protect the rights of freed slaves Plays a significant role in many civil rights casesPlays a significant role in many civil rights cases All persons born or naturalized in the U.S. are citizensAll persons born or naturalized in the U.S. are citizens States cannot deprive any person of life, liberty, or property without due processStates cannot deprive any person of life, liberty, or property without due process

Amendment XIV Also includes the equal protection clauseAlso includes the equal protection clause Justice should be blindJustice should be blind Segregation is unacceptableSegregation is unacceptable

Amendment XV The last of the Civil War amendments (1870)The last of the Civil War amendments (1870) No one shall be denied the right to vote because of raceNo one shall be denied the right to vote because of race Literacy tests and poll taxes worked againstLiteracy tests and poll taxes worked against Women not includedWomen not included

Amendment XVI Gave Congress the power to collect income taxesGave Congress the power to collect income taxes

Amendment XVII Provides for the direct election of senatorsProvides for the direct election of senators Allows the people to elect a pair of senators to represent their stateAllows the people to elect a pair of senators to represent their state Used to be chosen by the state legislaturesUsed to be chosen by the state legislatures Gave the people a greater voiceGave the people a greater voice Bond (top)Bond (top) McCaskill (below)McCaskill (below)

Amendment XVIII Also known as “Prohibition”Also known as “Prohibition” Authorized Congress to prohibit the production, sale, or transportation of alcoholAuthorized Congress to prohibit the production, sale, or transportation of alcohol

Amendment XIX Women’s suffrageWomen’s suffrage Guaranteed women the right to voteGuaranteed women the right to vote

Amendment XX Called the “Lame Duck” amendmentCalled the “Lame Duck” amendment Outgoing officials lack influence and don’t accomplish muchOutgoing officials lack influence and don’t accomplish much Congress begins its new term on January 3 rdCongress begins its new term on January 3 rd The president’s term begins on January 20 thThe president’s term begins on January 20 th Inauguration DayInauguration Day

Amendment XXI Repealed Amendment XVIII (Prohibition)Repealed Amendment XVIII (Prohibition) The only amendment to overturn anotherThe only amendment to overturn another

Amendment XXII Limits the president to a maximum of two elected termsLimits the president to a maximum of two elected terms Passed in response to FDR’s four terms in office (1933 – 1945)Passed in response to FDR’s four terms in office (1933 – 1945)

Amendment XXIII Allowed the citizens of Washington, D.C. to vote for president and vice presidentAllowed the citizens of Washington, D.C. to vote for president and vice president 3 electoral votes3 electoral votes

Amendment XXIV Prohibited the use of poll taxes in federal electionsProhibited the use of poll taxes in federal elections Poll taxes had been used to keep poor minorities from votingPoll taxes had been used to keep poor minorities from voting

Amendment XXV Deals with presidential successionDeals with presidential succession If the president dies or can’t lead, the vice president takes overIf the president dies or can’t lead, the vice president takes over He/she then nominates a new vice president, which must be approved by CongressHe/she then nominates a new vice president, which must be approved by Congress Side noteSide note The Speaker of the House is next in lineThe Speaker of the House is next in line

Amendment XXVI Lowered the voting age in federal & state elections from 21 to 18Lowered the voting age in federal & state elections from 21 to 18

Amendment XXVII Congressional pay raises do not take effect until the start of the next termCongressional pay raises do not take effect until the start of the next term Originally proposed in 1789Originally proposed in 1789 Passed in 1992Passed in 1992