2.05 Starter Why were the Civil War amendments so important? Explain the 14 th amendment in your own words. Which amendment was repealed (done away with)?

2.05- US CONSTITUTION SUPREMACY Objective 2.05 and 2.06

Cases involving Supremacy of the Federal Government Marbury v. Madison (1803)  Established the Supreme Court’s power of judicial review McCullough v. Maryland (1819)  Said that Congress could establish a national bank (Elastic Clause) and Maryland could not tax it (Supremacy Clause) Gibbons v Ogden (1824)  Established the power of the federal government to control interstate commerce  Federal laws have authority over state laws

Cases continued Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)  Court ruled only Congress could control interstate commerce Korematsu v. United States (1944)  Dealt with president's implied powers  Said the president could order thousands of Japanese Americans to be held in camps during World War II  Presidential executive orders

Cases dealing with Race and Segregation Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)- Court ruled “separate but equal” was ok Brown v. Board of Education (1954)- Court overruled Plessy: segregation is unconstitutional- 14 th amendment Regents v. UC of Bakke- ruled that racial quotas were unconstitutional- 14 th amendment

Starter Explain the Supreme Court’s decisions which created judicial review and implied powers of Congress.

2.06 Cases involving the Bill of Rights

Cases dealing with the Bill of Rights Furman v. Georgia(1972)-  the death penalty was unconstitutional in the way it was applied- 8 th amendment Gregg v. Georgia(1976)-  upheld the death penalty if consistent guidelines were used by juries.- 8 th amendment Mapp v. Ohio (1961)-  evidence seized from a person’s house without a search warrant cannot be used at trial- 4 th amendment

Bill of Rights cases Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)-  states must provide lawyers for those who can’t afford them- 6 th and 14 th amendments Miranda v. Arizona (1966)-  police must read a person their rights when they are arrested- 5 th and 6 th amendments Engel v. Vitale (1962)-  schools can’t make a student pray- 1 st amendment New Jersey v TLO (1985)  Schools must have probable cause to search a student- 4 th amendment

Bill of Rights cases Tinker v Des Moines School District (1969)  Students wore black arm bands to protest the Vietnam War  student behavior that is not disruptive is protected by freedom of speech. Texas v. Johnson (1984)  burning a flag is considered to be freedom of speech- 1 st amendment  An amendment in 2006 to ban burning the flag failed by one vote in the Senate In re Gault (1967)  minors have the same right as adults to due process- 14 th amendment

Bill of Rights cases Hazelwood v Kuhlmeier (1988)  A student’s freedom of the press can be limited if it goes against the school’s mission Bethel School District v Frazier (1986)  A school can prohibit speech that violates the values of public education- profanity Roe v Wade (1973)  A woman can have an abortion up until the baby could possibly live outside the womb (24 to 28 weeks)  9 th amendment or 14 th amendment