Acts and Amendments

Pre-constitution  Navigation act mercantilism!!! Colonial products only go to England- $ to England not Colonies  Sugar Act first law b parliament to raise $ for Crown- tighter custom laws in colonies  Stamp Act raise $ for British troops, NO TAXATATION WITHOUT REPESENTAION  Showed: colonists were entitled to rights and privileges  Used violence not legal means  British believed colonies had no right  Coercive Acts/Intolerable British response to Tea Party, closed port of Boston to reduce self government in Mass. Colony  Requirement of quartering troops

Revolution to Civil War  Kansas Nebraska Act repealed Missouri Compromise  Applied popular sovereignty to territories  Permitted expansion beyond southern states (went against Wilmot Proviso)  Sparked formation of Republican party

Radical Republicans  13 th Amendment- abolish slaver  14 th –Equal protection under law and citizenship  Brown vs. Board  Plessey vs. Ferguson  15 th Amendment voting rights for African American men

Western expansion  Homestead Act encourage settlement in west- 160 acres free for cultivating in 5yrs  Chinese exclusion act first law to exclude a group from America based on ethnicity  anti-immigration sentiment in west  Dawes Act divided Native American tribal lands into individual homesteads  To assimilate into American culture  Forced civilization views, it destroyed tribes and wiped out their ownership of land and culture

Progressivism  Sherman Anti-Trust act forbade unreasonable combinations or contracts in restraint of trade- little impact on large corps.  Pure food and Drug Act  Prompted by The Jungle – muckrakers, list contents on product- meat inspection act  Federal Reserve Act create Federal Reserve Board, established national system, made currency and credit more elastic  National Origins Act restrict south and eastern Europeans (Catholic and Jewish)- also known as the Quota system, significantly decrease the #s coming in to the US.

Amendments  16 th - Income taxes (Wilson lowers tariffs)  17 th Direct election of Senators  Robert Lafollette- give people voice in politics, work against corrupt city bosses  Initiative, Referendum and recall  18 th Amendment – prohibition (21 st repealed)  19 th Women’s right to vote  20 th Terms in office

Great Depression/New Deal  National Industrial Recovery ACT-1933 (Hoover)  Foster government-business cooperation  Businesses to regulate themselves through codes of fair competition- did not succeed  Social Secruty federal pension funded by taxes- aging of Americans threatens system  Wagner Act-1935 – a.k.a.- National Labor Relations Act, a.k.a. magna carta of labor, it ensured workers the right to organize and barging collectively  Rapid rise in labor union membership

WWII  Neutrality acts- commitment to isolationism after WWI, drew support form Washington's Farewell Address  Cash and Carry  Lend Lease provide supplies to allies, help GB resist Nazi Germany

Civil Rights  Civil Rights act of outlawed segregation  Voting rights act- outlawed poll taxes, literacy tests and the grandfather clause  24 th amendment abolition of poll taxes

Post WWII  Taft-Hartley curb power of unions, believed unions were abusing powers and would endanger national defense industries- cold war era  Federal Highway Act crated interstate highway system- key in promoting suburban growth.  US immigration and nationality act of abolished the 1920s quota system