Preparing to Fight What do you need to get ready for war? On the battlefield? On the home front?

Preparing to Fight Homefront – The American Nation: 689 Propaganda, – US History 2: and 116 Battlefield – The American Nation: trench, – US History 2:

Preparing to Fight Read through your text and pull out 8 details for each side. Completed by the end of class for points. The Homefront Propaganda – spreading of ideas that help or hurt a cause Selective Service / draft – required year old men to join the military Educating the troops Food Administration War Industries Board Liberty Bonds Women Workers Anti-German Feelings Great Migration Espionage & Sedition Act The Battlefield E & W Front Trenches AEF Harlem Hell Fighters Belleau Wood Argonne Forest Armistice Flu New Weapons

Homefront The Civilian side of a nation at war Propaganda- the spreading of ideas that help or hurt a cause.

Raising an Army On May 18, 1917 Congress passed the Selective Service Act. – Required men from ages 21 to 30 to register for the military draft Draft- a law that requires people to serve in the military Draft

Educating the Troops The Army became a great educator 25% illiterate – unable to read or write Fueled a drive to reform public education Raised teacher training standards Increased school enrollment by 75%

Food Administration Job was to increase food production Feed civilians, American troops, and send food to allies. “Victory gardens” “wheatless Mondays” / “meatless” Tuesdays

Managing Industry In the beginning war supplies were short Military competed with industry for materials War Industries Board – told factories what they had to produce and set prices – From cars to tanks War Labor Board – set working hours, wages, prevented strikes.

Liberty Bonds Liberty Bonds- Americans would buy the bonds and temporarily lend $ to the govt. Raised $21 billion – what paid for the war 75,000 speakers rallied support

Women Workers As men joined military – women took there jobs Earned less than the men they replaced Helped change the view of “women’s work” Thousands lost jobs when the men returned.

Anti-German Feelings Suspicion / loyalty questioned. Mobs attacked them Families changed their names Schools stopped teaching German German sounding foods changed

Great Migration Migration within the nation increased Draft took workers to war newcomers came to the city to work in the factories ½ million African Americans & thousands of Mexican Americans moved from South to Northern cities. Migration continued after the war ended. Competition led to race riots

People Against the War Pacifists- people who refuse to fight because they feel it is evil. Socialists- felt people as a whole should own property and share profits from businesses. – Felt that war only benefitted big business and factories. In Response Congress passed laws making it a crime to criticize the government - Espionage & Sedition Acts 1,600+ arrested Freedom of speech violated? – most felt laws were necessary in wartime.