Chapter 6 Assessment of Acute Knee Injuries. Objectives Discuss the anatomical structures of the knee Identify and discuss the common acute injuries to.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 6 Assessment of Acute Knee Injuries

Objectives Discuss the anatomical structures of the knee Identify and discuss the common acute injuries to the knee Review the following components of injury assessment related to the acute knee injuries Mechanism of injury Signs Symptoms

Bones Femur* Tibia* Fibula Patella *articulating surface covered with a smooth layer of articular cartilage (also referred to as hyaline cartilage)

Bones Femur* Tibia* Fibula Patella* *articulating surface covered with a smooth layer of articular cartilage (also referred to as hyaline cartilage)

Joints Tibiofemoral Proximal tibiofibular patellofemoral

Ligaments Joint capsule Medial collateral ligament (MCL) Medial collateral ligament (MCL) Protects against lateral forces Protects against lateral forces Lateral collateral ligament (LCL) Lateral collateral ligament (LCL) Protects against medial forces Protects against medial forces Joint capsule Medial collateral ligament (MCL) Medial collateral ligament (MCL) Protects against lateral forces Protects against lateral forces Lateral collateral ligament (LCL) Lateral collateral ligament (LCL) Protects against medial forces Protects against medial forces

Ligaments Joint capsule Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) Prevents the tibia from moving forward or the femur from moving backward Prevents the tibia from moving forward or the femur from moving backward Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) Prevents the tibia from moving backward or the femur from moving forward Prevents the tibia from moving backward or the femur from moving forward Joint capsule Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) Prevents the tibia from moving forward or the femur from moving backward Prevents the tibia from moving forward or the femur from moving backward Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) Prevents the tibia from moving backward or the femur from moving forward Prevents the tibia from moving backward or the femur from moving forward

Menisci (Cartilage) Medial meniscus (C-shaped) Injured more frequently Less mobile Attaches to MCL ligament

Menisci (Cartilage) Lateral meniscus (O-shaped) Lateral meniscus (O-shaped) Injured less frequently more mobile

Menisci (Cartilage) Function Function Provide stability Provide shock absorbency Lubricate, reduce friction

Muscles Quadriceps (anterior) Hamstrings (posterior) Adductors (medial) Iliotibial band (lateral)

Muscles

Patellar Tendon

Common Acute Knee Injuries Contusion Meniscal injury Sprain Strain Chondral lesion Fracture Dislocation

Contusions to the Knee MOI Signs Symptoms

Meniscal Injuries MOI Signs Symptoms

Meniscal Injuries

Flap tear

Meniscal Injuries

Sprains to the Knee Medial (tibial) collateral (MCL) Lateral (fibular) collateral (LCL) Anterior cruciate (ACL) Posterior cruciate (PCL) Posterior View Anterior View

MCL Sprains MOI Signs Symptoms

LCL Sprains MOI Signs Symptoms

ACL Sprains MOI Signs Symptoms

PCL Sprains MOI Signs Symptoms

Patellofemoral Syndrome MOI Signs Symptoms

Patellar Tendinitis MOI Signs Symptoms

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