1 The 2007 National Immigrant Survey (Spain) National Statistics Institute (INE) Antonio ARGÜESO director for social and demographic statistics

2 Index: 1.International Migration in Spain in recent years. 2.Information available on international migration and international migrants in the Spanish Statistical System until The 2007 National Immigrant Survey: main characteristics. 4.Results, conclusions. The 2007 National Immigrant Survey - Spain

3 1. International Migration in Spain in recent years (I) The 2007 National Immigrant Survey - Spain Evolution of foreign population in Spain Source: Population Register (Padron). INE

4 Intense but irregular distribution…. 1. International Migration in Spain in recent years (II) The 2007 National Immigrant Survey - Spain In 1998

5 1. International Migration in Spain in recent years (III) The 2007 National Immigrant Survey - Spain In 2007

6 1. International Migration in Spain in recent years (IV) The 2007 National Immigrant Survey - Spain

7 1. International Migration in Spain in recent years (V) The 2007 National Immigrant Survey - Spain

8 ° The Population Register (Padrón). All foreigners entering Spain register themselves to get access to health, education,…(without any risk) ° Surveys (non-oriented to migration) (Labour force among many others) ° Other registers : Residence Permits (legal foreigners), Public Health system cards,… 2. information available in the statistical system before 2007 (I) There is a need for information on the migration process itself and on migrants under a more general/sociological approach… The 2007 National Immigrant Survey - Spain

9 Strategy ° From simple to complex information (beyond citizenship as key variable, linking demographic, social and economic characteristics, from current variables to biographic and longitudinal studies). The 2007 National Immigrant Survey - Spain ° From person to household (basic information on household, dwelling, neighbourhood). ° From individual to network: - Family ties: brothers and sisters, parents, children,… social participation, contacts with country of birth 3. National Immigrant Survey: main characteristics (I)

10 The 2007 National Immigrant Survey - Spain The questionnaire at a Glance o Basic information on all members of the household, household composition o Module 1. Socio-demographic information: place of birth, mother tongue, education, marital status, children living with parents or not, their education, brothers and sisters,parents. Information on the dwelling (tenancy, price,…) (65 questions) o Module 2. Previous Migratory Experience. Where? When? Why? How? With whom? (5 questions each) o Module 3. Living conditions before coming to Spain (11 Q) o Module 4. Arrival in Spain. Where? When? How? Why?... (9 Q) o Module 5. Employment History in Spain (25 Q) o Module 6. Residential history in Spain (18 Q) o Module 7. Relationship with country of birth (15 Q) o Module 8. Social participation (7 Q)

11 Target population ° Immigrants : born abroad, aged 16 and over, long term resident (living in Spain for at least one year or willing to do so), living in private households (institutions excluded) - Except foreign born with spanish nationality from birth and moving to Spain before two-year-old. The 2007 National Immigrant Survey - Spain 3. National Immigrant Survey: main characteristics (III) Sample ° Framework: non collective dwellings from Population Register ° Three-stage selection: Census sections (2,270), dwellings and persons (1 per dwelling). ° Initial Sample: 17,700 units, Effective: 15,500 people (87%)

12 The pilot surveys The 2007 National Immigrant Survey - Spain 3. National Immigrant Survey: main characteristics (IV) Second try: april 2006 Three-stage sampling: section – dwelling - individuals Two independent populations: with (A) / without (B) immigrants (the survey showed only 3% errors in classifying from B to A) Significant Improvement: 72 % effective sample The first approach: oct immigrants in 50 censal sections. Two-stage sampling: selected persons taken from population register Only 23% of visits produced an actual interview

13 ° CAPI (Computer assisted Interview): Tablet-PC with electronic questionnaire (Spanish and 5 foreign languages). - Call centre in English, French and Arabic language ° Same problems or refusals than in other INEs household surveys. The 2007 National Immigrant Survey - Spain 3. National Immigrant Survey: main characteristics (V) Average duration of interview: 45 minutes Interviews, selected nationalities n% of total Germany United Kingdom Portugal Romania Ecuador Morocco

14 Brief projects history - Preliminary ideas and first contacts (December 2003-July 2004) - Working Group and Draft Project (January-July 2005) - First Pilot test (October-December 2005) - Second Pilot test (April-May 2006) - Fieldwork (October 2006-March 2007) - Editing and consistence procedures (May 2007-February 2008) - Results: provisional (may 2008), final report (march 2009) The 2007 National Immigrant Survey - Spain 3. National Immigrant Survey: main characteristics

15 The 2007 National Immigrant Survey - Spain 4. Main results: a flash 79,6 % had contact people (relatives / friends) in Spain before coming Why coming? …due to the climate (63% of britons) …for family reasons (regrouping): 42 % for germans …looking for a better job (63% romanians, 61% bolivians) …the quality of life (49% colombians, 43% argentinians) Many of them had a high educational level (20% terc, 53% second.) 56 % of them were working in their countries 39 % of them send money home every month (2% of germans, 68% of ecuadorians, 21% argentinians) 80% of them are planning to stay at least for the next five years (70% ecuadorians, 59 % bolivians)

16 The 2007 National Immigrant Survey - Spain some conclusions - An expensive survey, made in a better economic situation ( ) than today - So, not to repeat every year but … - A different survey, that provides a huge amount of information for researchers. Very positive reaction.