Psychologist vs Psychiatrist w Psychologist w Masters (2yrs) w Doctoral (3-5 years) PhD or PsyD (clinical) Cannot prescribe drugs Practitioners Academic.

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Presentation transcript:

Psychologist vs Psychiatrist w Psychologist w Masters (2yrs) w Doctoral (3-5 years) PhD or PsyD (clinical) Cannot prescribe drugs Practitioners Academic Researchers w Psychiatrist w Medical Doctor M.D. w Medical school with internship in psychiatry w Can prescribe drugs w Counselor w Master’s degree (MSW or MC) w Less severe mental health problems w Family, relationship, substance abuse, anxiety

Types of Psychologists w Clinical- w Counseling w Social w Experimental w Physiological/neurological w Cognitive w Developmental w Psychometrics w Industrial/Organizational w Education/school w Forensic

Careers in Psychology: Percentage of Psychology Degrees by Specialty

1909- Clark University Psychology Convention w C:\Documents and Settings\REEDS\Desktop\images.jpg C:\Documents and Settings\REEDS\Desktop\images.jpg

Defining Psychology w Defined-The study of behavior and mental processes w Goals of Psychology To fulfill a genuine curiosity about behavior To understand the contributions of genetics and environment (social and cultural) in behavior and mental process To study behavior using methods that deem the study scientific

Roots of Psychology in Philosophy w Psyche (life/self) logos (logic) w Plato (400BC)- Rationalism, deductive reasoning w Aristotle- Associations w Descartes- Dualism- Mind and Body, Nativism w John Locke- Empiricism, tabula rasa

The Roots of Psychology and science w In the late 1800’s both physiologists and philosophers will be investigating the mind w Philosophy- “Why?” w Physiology_ “How?”

Psychology-A scientific discipline w Wilhelm Wundt ( ) Works to have psychology become an independent science Founds the 1st psychology laboratory in Germany (1879)

w Structuralism Wundt and Titchener Structuralism focused on the structure of consciousness Premise-The content of conscious experience can be analyzed into its basic elements Competing Schools of Thought That Shape Psychology

Psychology Comes to America w G. Stanley Hall ( ) A student of Wundt Establishes 1st American laboratory at Johns Hopkins (1883) Founded 1st American psy journal (1887) Founded American Psychological Association- APA (1892)

Woman and minorities w Few woman and minorities in early 1900’s Woman w Margaret Floy Washburn- first PhD 1894 w Mary Calkins- first president of APA w Currently woman get about 70% of PhD’s African American Francis Sumner- first PhD in 1920

Competing Schools of Thought That Shape Psychology w Functionalism William James and G. Stanley Hall were the primary proponents Interested in studying the functions of consciousness Premise-the function of a conscious experience in providing adaptation of the organism is more important than the structure of that conscious experience

Current Perspectives w Psychoanalytic w Behavioral w Cognitive w Biological w Humanistic w Others evolutionary, sociocultural,

Current Perspectives in Psychology

Psychoanalytic early 1900s (Freud) Freud- Interpretations of Dreams (1900) w Behavior influenced by unconscious processes w Stressed early childhood experiences determine later behavior w Negative view of humanity (aggression, sex)

Early behaviorists Pavlov (1913)- Dog Watson (1925)- Little Albert Skinner- Box, rewards and punishments

Behaviorists (Skinner, Watson, Pavlov) w Environment determines behavior (Clean slate) w Stimulus Response w Reinforcements and punishment w Studies observable (overt) behavior and stimuli, not concerned with internal states

Humanistic w Emerged as a revolt against behaviorism and psychoanalytic approaches w Carl Rogers founder w Inherent Goodness of Human Beings w FREE WILL w Unconditional Positive Regard

Cognitive w Thoughts and mental processes w Stim Mental process Behav w Rational emotive therapy

Biological w Observable behavior given physiological explanations w Genetics, biochemical, neurological

Seven Themes of Psychology w Psychology is Empirical w Psychology is theoretically diverse w Psychology evolves in a sociohistoric w Behavior has multiple causes w Behavior is shaped by cultural heritage w Behavior is influenced by heredity and environment w Our experience of the world is highly subjective