Based on lectures: Indian-FETP, EPIET Oral communication Katharina Alpers

–How to prepare – the content – the slides – the speech –How to deliver the presentation Overview

Ask details how much time do you have? is there time for discussion / questions? who are the other speakers? what will they present? Prepare the content

The SOCO Many presentations during the meeting Audience only remembers one thing from you Think of one take-home message Write down your SOCO in two or three lines easy to remember clear simple practical

for a 10 min presentation: Title (1 slide) Background (1 slide) Methods (2 slides, maximum 3) Results (3 slides) Limitations (1 slide) Conclusion (1 slide) Recommendations (1 slide) Acknowledgements (1 slide) Outline of your presentation

Start by preparing the conclusions slide Prepare recommendations on the basis of conclusions Choose results supporting conclusions Explain methods to get the results Describe background Focus on the SOCO

The slides Simple Structured Shorts / laconic Digital versus analog

Digital versus analog US pedestrians Pedestrian crossing X = cross ! Digital pedestrianAnalog pedestrian

BelgiumFrance Burma SpainZimbabwe Analog pedestrians from around the world Russia

Germany US Spain France Ecuador Italy "Rolling stones" from around the world

–Clear Title –Bullet points Written text (digital) visual reinforcement –Tables, graphs, maps Images (analog) visual data Design of the slides

– We conducted a retrospective cohort survey including all people attending the visit of the park – A case was defined as a papular or papulo-vesicular pruritic rash, among participants, 12 hours or more after the exposition to seawater Avoid karaoke slides

– Survey retrospective cohort all visitors to park – Case definition rash (papular or papulo-vesicular) > 12 hours after exposition Bullet points

– Use keywords – Less than 12 lines – Maximum 5 words per line – Break line properly Text slides

Sans serif font Bold type Lower case letters Good contrast Serif font Normal type UPPER CASE LETTERS Poor contrast PreferAvoid Font

– Simple – Self-explanatory – Title: what, who, where, when – Label the axes (graphs and maps) – Define abbreviations and symbols Tables, graphs and maps

Tables

Clinical symptoms among the cases of S. Typhimurium, Oslo, Norway, May 1998 Symptoms n% Diarrhoea54100 Fever3565 Headache1222 Joint pain47 Muscle pain47 Cases One-variable table

Distribution of the cases of S. Typhimurium-infection by age-group and sex Two-variable table Age group (yrs)Total MaleFemale Total Sex

Fish consumption, attack rate (AR) and relative risk (RR) of gastrointestinal illness among customers at Uncle Mike's Fish & Chips, Cambridge, October 1, 2000 IllTotalAR/100 Ate fish Did not eat fish 5648 RR (95% CI) 9.3 (3.9-22) Cohort study

Gastrointestinal illness and fish consumtion among customers at « Uncle Mikes Fish and Chips », Cambridge, October 1, 2000 CasesControlsTotalOR (IC 95%) Ate fish Did not eat fish ( ) Ref Total Case-control study

MSM P&S Syphilis Cases by Hal-Year Interval California, Graphs

Grouped bar chart

Line graph

Cases and deaths

Semi log scale

Cases of salmonellosis (n=65) by date and time of onset of illness. Hospital A, Dublin, August 2006 Epicurve

Whats wrong here?

Cases of meningococcal disease in Dublin by serogroup, BCYWUnknown Serogroup No. of cases Safe ink!

Cases of meningococcal disease in Dublin by serogroup, BCYWUnknown Serogroup No. of cases Safe ink!

AIDS Annual Rates per 100,000 Population for Cases Reported May 1990 through April 1991 Maps

AIDS Annual Incidences per 100,000 Population for Cases Reported May 1990 through April 1991 Incidence per 100,000 population >20.0 Maps – example

BrightnessHue QuantitativeQualitative Colours

Prepare a script Necessary to most speakers beginners non-native speakers Decreases sources of uncertainty Reassures you Allows precise timing Facilitates coaching

In the presentation software Copy the content of your slide into the lecture notes Edit to make full sentences Add off comments: –Use pointer –Pause Use large fonts (e.g., size 16) The script lecture notes

–Practice on your own –Walk through your text is the sequence logical? is all relevant information there? remove redundant information avoid very technical details and jargon –Watch time, pace and clarity –Practice with critical colleagues Does our message come across? Prepare the speech

–Day D Get prepared rest, healthy distraction no stimulating substance, no beta-blocker arrive early, explore the facilities Your look feel comfortable, be yourself but dress formal don´t distract the audience with your «look» Delivering the presentation

–Time T Nerves: normal, good stimulant Going on stage memorise the first sentence install your material, look around set micro to feel comfortable Delivering the presentation

Stand upright Mind your pace of speech Mind your volume Make eye contact Interact with audience Refer to slide Finish on time On stage

Hands in pockets, tics Unnecessary movements If you tremble, minimize the use of the pointer Overcrowded slides Apologies Avoid

–Practise with you colleagues –Think of possible questions –Prepare short answers –Prepare two or three more slides Prepare for Questions and Answers

–Listen –Write (may be more than one) –Thank the person for asking the question –Answer briefly and precisely –Avoid being defensive Questions and answers

Do not panic! acknowledge: This is a valid point sympathize: This is a point that needed to be raised respond: I am now going to clarify Ask for the audiences opinion Challenging questions

my SOCO … When communicating the results of your investigation Adapt the content to the audience Concentrate on only one message Include only the elements to support your message Use your visual aids as aids Prepare in advance your presentation Possible questions

Thank you very much for your attention Did my message come across?