24 Feb 00

Refugee Camp Ngara, Tanzania, 1996

Pinatubo

Sarajevo, 1996

Izmit, Turkey September 1999

Earthquake relief warehouse Izmit, Turkey September 1999

Tanzania Brazzaville ex-Zaire 1.Loss of transportation 2.Loss of health care 3.Urban semi-permissive Medical logistics are somewhat challenging…

RIMPAC 2000

Mercy Essex Surgical Company Fleet Hospital insertion NH Camp Pendleton BES, BAS, STP Kernel Blitz ‘99

l Two Countries –Orange –Green –Historical tensions along the border l Orange is the dominant military power SCENARIO / GEOGRAPHY Honolulu Niihau Kaula Rock Kauai Oahu Molokai Kahoolawe Lanai Maui Big Island Hilo

The missions we really do, most of the time… Overwhelming stand-off firepower –Specifically to minimize our own casualties »Northern Watch, Southern Watch »DS/DS, Desert Fox, Desert Thunder »Kosovo, Afghanistan, Sudan Humanitarian Operations –SECNAV 1998 Christmas Message –Often with significant risk –ALWAYS with others. And we need to do it better.

Six years… l Indonesia l Haiti l Bosnia l Somalia l Eritrea l Sudan l Sierra Leone l Colombia l Kosovo l Afghanistan

17 o E PACIFIC COMMAND 100 o E95 o W 92 o W USCINCPAC humanitarian efforts... JTF Provide Refuge Chinese Migrant Repatriation Kwajalein ADC Ops, 25ID (L) JTF Hawaii Hurricane Iniki Kauai CG, USARPAC JTF Marianas Typhoon Omar Guam COMNAVMARIANAS JTF Sea Angel Cyclone Marion Bangladesh CG, III MEF JTF Bevel Edge NEO Cambodia COMSOCPAC JTF Fiery Vigil Mt. Pinatubo Eruption Philippines 13AF/CC JTF Prompt Return Chinese Migrant Repatriation Wake Island ADC Ops, 25ID (L) JTF Pacific Haven Kurdish Refugee Relocation Guam 13 AF/CC

The 1999 National Military Strategy document… “It is imperative that our Joint Forces also enhance their ability to operate in consonance with other US government agencies, and with Non-governmental Organizations (NGOs), International Organizations (IOs), and Private Voluntary Organizations (PVOs) in a variety of settings. The specialized access and knowledge these organizations possess can facilitate prompt, efficient action to prevent conflict, resolve a crisis, mitigate suffering, and restore civil government…”

Haiti – A Case Study National Defense University, 1996 “The military were actually the last players to arrive on the scene, not the first…” Presidential Decision Directive #56 (on managing complex contingencies) “The US government is one player among many…”

Sometimes, the best information comes from outside the US military.

MILITARY INTERNATIONAL RESCUE COMMITTEE OTHER RELIEF & BENEFIT ORGANIZATIONS INTERACTION CARE DOCTORS WITHOUT BORDERS SAVE THE CHILDREN WORLD FOOD PROGRAMME DEPT OF PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS UN HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR REFUGEES UNICEF OFDA / DART COUNTRY TEAM CMOC UN NGOs & PVOs NGOs & PVOs U.S.GOV AGENCIES U.S.GOV AGENCIES ICRC AMERICAN RED CROSS CIVIL - MILITARY OPERATIONS CENTER JP 3-57, IV-18 IFRC Courtesy of LT Randy Myrick

Civil-Military Operations Center

Virtual Workspace

Collaborative partners… 1.1 st Marine Expeditionary Force 2.Center of Excellence for Disaster Management and Humanitarian Assistance (COE) 3.Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) 4.World Health Organization (WHO) 5.Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA), US-AID 6.UNICEF 7.Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory 8.Center for the Management of Information

Desirable traits in a CMOC… 1. Physical security, with reasonable comfort 2. Representation from all major participants 3. Information accrual with effective dissemination 4. Communication across all boundaries 5. Encouragement toward collaboration 6. Resource management 7. Proximity to the area of interest 8. Flexibility as circumstances alter

CMOC afloat on USS Coronado l Unique space dedicated to non-military support l NIPRNET, SIPRNET, HF, VHF, cellular l CENTAUR incident management software l GroupSystems collaborative software (CMI) l Multiple classification levels l Virtual Workspace management –Logistics, Medical, Air Operations, Security

CMOC stations

CMOC in Action CMOC Third Fleet

Strong Angel Metrics Measures of Effectiveness & Measures of Performance

Humanitarian Assistance l The scenario…RIMPAC Phase 2H –Strong Angel (internal name) –Increasing violence against Green minority in Orange –Green minority refugees massing in border mountains »Ethnic Green crossing into Green, though Orange citizens –Hazardous environment –Basics in short supply » water, shelter, medical care

RIMPAC Humanitarian Operation l Goals and Objectives (13) – Civil-Military coordination – Complex Emergency support l Mechanics – Extent of the Civ-Mil exercise: June – Refugee management: 10 – 16 June – 125 live participants (with daily flux) – Camp developed from nothing on moonscape – Sea-borne Joint logistics »CSSG-3, Hawaii

Partners... l COMTHIRDFLT l MAGTF-3 l PACFLT l PACOM l SOUTHCOM l MSC l MERCY l OSD l Canada l Australia l Japan l UNHCR l BUMED l Army l Air Force l COE l PAHO l UNICEF l OFDA l IFRC l WFP l DARPA This group has never exercised together…

Timeline… Hot wash Coronado present Coronado present End Refugees present UN task June 2000 UN Coalition tasked by the Security Council to respond to a refugee migration. Site Team Camp construction Amphib off load Amphib on load Break down

Refugee volunteers… Source under consideration Red Cross, military dependents, others… 125 people, variable daily NOT real refugees!!! Range of humanity is most educational Both genders Chronic, stable medical conditions OK Safe in the boondocks for a few days Patient. Tolerant. Flexible. Cooperative. Incentive-free

Volunteers… l We’ll provide… –Food (sort of…) –Shelter (sort of…) –Sanitation (really) –Something like a plan –Gratitude l You provide… –Time –Creative energy –A sense of goodwill

Exercise design… l In-port training during the workup period l Measures Of Effectiveness –Communications –Logistics –Medical –Security –Joint and Combined Force cooperation –Civil-Military Cooperation –Public Affairs –Legal

Refugee Management Hilo Big Island Wiamea Safe Haven

Big Island, northwest tip = K-docks 2 = Puu Paa

Airport Road entrance to both sites Highway 190, looking south

Puu Paa from the CMOC site

Puu Paa Refugee Camp site

Phase 2H Conceptual Layout Experiments CMOC Bulk Storage CIB C3F Housing CVB Bulk Storage CMOC Area Route 190 Waimea Airport Approx. 3 kms CSSD Tentage Refugee Area Shower Pt Recreation Medical Bulk Storage Admin Recreation Food Service Shower

CMOC Layouts Ops Off Dep Dir Ops NCO NGO UN IO OFDA CA Off OPS CELL FUNCTIONS Monitor Support Actions Validate Support Requests Coord Support Exchange Information PLANING CELL FUNCTIONS Daily Meeting (looking out Hrs) Establish Priorities UN/NGO/IO/OFDA/JTF Policies Plan Transition Plans Cell Operations Cell UN IO NGO DIr Plans Off LNO CA Off COE UN HQ & JTF Personnel Country Team Members & JTF/Components Afloat Collaboration CenterAfloat CMOC

Ops Off Dep Dir Ops NCO NGO UN IO OFDA CA Off JTF Operations/Plans Cell LNO COE HQ Personnel & JTF Staff USS Coronado CMOC ASHORE UN Country Tm/MARFOR & JTF Liaison UN IO NGO DIr Plans Off CA Off COE Component Operations/Plans Cell Parker Ranch After the situation stabilizes ashore, the Land Component will establish a CMOC and members of the UN/NGO/IOs will coordinate, operate, and plan with the military from the CMOC ashore TRANSITION TO ASHORE CMOC UHF VHF Systems

Stabilization and Transition to Land Component Lead CMOC ASHORE UN, MARFOR, & JTF Liaison UN IO NGO DIr Plans Off CA Off COE Component to JTF Operations/Plans Cell Parker Ranch 3 rd Flt commences other operations, UN HQ personnel redeploy to NY/etc…. 3 rd Flt CMOC (military only) monitors the FHA ashore UHF VHF Systems

RIMPAC... Strong Angel... Sea Breeze

Experimentation l Sea Breeze (C-B-R-E) a) Suspicious exposure in arrivals »Sudan-like b) Internal biological event for camp intimidation »Agro-terrorism l Information requirement –TIDES Portal –Translation on-site –Expert knowledge off-site

Strong Angel Experiments (1): 1. DARPA: TIDES Portal 1.(with Two-Way Translation and Interactive Drama) POC: Andy Merlino, review by Allen Sears 2. DARPA: One-Way Translation System POC: Eric Rasmussen, review by Allen Sears 3. DARPA: RIM Interactive Paging System POC: Mike Hopmeier, review by Mark Prutsalis l ECU: Distributed Medical Intelligence POC: David Balch, review by Dave Warner

Strong Angel Experiments (2): 7. COE: Civil-Military Communications POC: Mark Prutsalis, review by Jim Rogers 8. COE: CENTAUR Information Management POC: Enzo Bolletino, review by Annette Sobel 9. C3F: Solar Power in Disaster Response POC: Eric Rasmussen, review by Jim Rogers 10. CMI: CommandNet Humanitarian Integration POC: Mark Adkins, review by Jim Rogers

Combined Event Notification Technology and Unified Reporting C E N T A U R Center of Excellence in Disaster Management and Humanitarian Assistance

Mission to the Americas MERCY 2001