Shelter Meeting 10a, Geneva, 28 May 2010 Dr. Jennifer Duyne Barenstein World Habitat Research Centre University of Applied Sciences of Southern Switzerland 1

Overview of the presentation 1.Why do the World Bank and its counterparts need a Handbook for post-disaster reconstruction? 2.Objectives of the Handbook 3.The Handbook’s guiding principles 4.Overview of the Handbook 5.The Handbook’s website 6.How to get the Handbook 2

Why do the World Bank and its counterparts need a Handbook for post-disaster reconstruction? ______________________________________  Housing typically accounts for 50 percent or more of damage and losses after disasters; 3

 Damages and complexity are rising due to severity of disasters, population growth, urbanization and informal settlement patterns Why do the World Bank and its Counterparts need a Handbook for post-disaster reconstruction? 4  More than 95 percent of all deaths caused by disasters occur in developing countries  Losses in developing countries due to natural disasters are 20 times higher (as a percentage of GDP) than in industrialized countries

Governments generally have a leading role in housing reconstruction Governments often take loans from the World Bank to finance reconstruction Since 1980, the World Bank has approved over 500 operations related to disaster management, amounting to more than US$40 billion Why do the World Bank and its Counterparts need a Handbook for post-disaster reconstruction? 5

 Reducing the factors that contribute to disaster impacts falls squarely within the World Bank’s mandate and is often related to existing areas of government/Bank collaboration (e.g. urban development, housing, infrastructure, environment, forestry, economic incentives and regulatory frameworks for risk reduction)  Disasters represent a serious menace to the economy and may dampen economic growth especially in low-income countries 6

Objectives of the Handbook ___________________________________  Assist Bank staff and their counterparts in government engaged in large-scale post-disaster housing reconstruction programs to make decisions about post- disaster policies and programs  Consolidate experiences, good and bad, from various types of disasters. Identify emerging good practice  Harmonize thinking with other agencies working in the housing and community reconstruction field (bilateral agencies, NGOs) 7

 Create a community of practice in post-disaster housing and community reconstruction through consultation process and through the establishment of a website:  Focus attention on how disaster risk reduction and prevention activities can reduce the need for housing reconstruction or improve its efficiency. Objectives of the Handbook ________________________________________ 8

The Handbook’s Guiding Principles ____________________________________________ 1.A GOOD RECONSTRUCTION POLICY HELPS REACTIVE COMMUNITIES AND EMPOWERS PEOPLE TO REBUILT THEIR HOUSING, THEIR LIVES, AND THEIR LIVELIHOODS 2.RECONSTRUCTION BEGINS THE DAY OF THE DISASTER 3.COMMUNITY MEMBERS SHOULD BE PARTNERS IN POLICY MAKING AND LEADERS OF LOCAL IMPLEMENTATION 4.RECONSTRUCTION POLICY AND PLANS SHOULD BE FINANCIALLY REALISTICS BUT AMBITIOUS WITH RESPECT TO DISASTER RISK REDUCTION 5. INSTITUTIONS MATTER AND COORDINATION AMONG THEM IMPROVES OUTCOMES 6.RECONSTRUCTION IS AN OPPORTUNITY TO PLAN FOR THE FUTURE AND TO CONSERVE THE PAST 7. RELOCATION DISRUPTS LIVES AND SHOULD BE KEPT TO A MINIMUM 8.CIVIL SOCIETY AND THE PRIVATE SECTOR ARE IMPORTANT PARTS OF THE SOLUTION 9.ASSESSMENT AND MONITORING CAN IMPROVE RECONSTRUCTION OUTCOMES 10.TO CONTRIBUTE TO LONG-TERM DEVELOPMENT, RECONSTRUCTION MUST BE SUSTAINABLE 9

THE LAST WORD: EVERY RECONSTRUCTION PROJECT IS UNIQUE! ___________________________________________ The nature and magnitude of the disaster, the country and institutional context, the level of urbanization, and the culture’s values all influence decisions about how to manage reconstruction. Whether government uses special or normal procurement procedures, how it weighs the concerns of speed versus quality, and what it considers the proper institutional set-up and division of labour will also vary. History and best practices are simply evidence to be weighed in arriving at the best local approach 10

Overview of the Handbook ______________________________________ PART 1- Reconstruction Tasks and How to Undertake Them Section 1: Assessing Damage and Defining Reconstruction Policy  Early Recovery: the Context for Housing and Community Reconstruction  Assessing Damage and Setting Reconstruction Policy  Communication in Post-Disaster Reconstruction  Who Gets a House? The Social Dimension of Housing Reconstruction  To Relocate or Not to Relocate  Reconstruction Approaches 11

Overview of the Handbook PART 1- Reconstruction Tasks and How to Undertake Them Section 2: Planning Reconstruction  Land Use and Physical Planning  Infrastructure and Service Delivery  Environmental Planning  Housing Design and Construction Technology  Cultural Heritage Conservation Section 3: Project Implementation  Community Organizing and Participation  Institutional Options for Reconstruction Management  International, National, and Local Partnerships in Reconstruction  Mobilizing Financial Resources and other Reconstruction Assistance  Training Requirements in Reconstruction 12

Overview of the Handbook PART 2- Monitoring and Information Management  Information and Communications Technology in Reconstruction  Monitoring and Evaluation  Mitigating the Risk of Corruption PART 3- Information on World Bank Projects and Policies  World Bank Response to Crises and Emergencies  Safeguard Policies for World Bank Reconstruction Projects  Financial Management in World Bank Reconstruction Projects  Procurement Procedures in World Bank Reconstruction Projects PART 4- Technical References  Disaster Types and Impacts  Disaster Risk Management in Reconstruction  Matrix of Disaster Project Features 13

The Handbook’s Website 14

How to get the Handbook Download or read online: Order from World Bank: commerce/catalog/product?item_id = commerce/catalog/product?item_id = Buy from World Bank Infoshop or Amazon.com. 15

United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction World Housing Encyclopedia THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION! The partners: The Authors: Lead author and task manager: Abhas Jha, The World Bank Principal authors: Jennifer Duyne Barenstein (WHRC), Priscilla Phelps (TGCI), Daniel Pittet (WHRC) and Stephen Sena (TGCI) Other Contributors: B.R. Balachandran, B. Barattz, C. Boano, W. Bohn, R. Carrion, N. Cieslik, T. Corsellins, I. Davis, K. Devi, J. Feldmesser, E. Kessler, R. Martin, G. Maxwell, S. Ram Mohan, B. Marti Rojas Rivas, N. Wilhelm, R. Shaw and F. Zobrist 16