Forage Establishment Dr. Ray Smith and Dr. Garry Lacefield Forage Extension Specialists University of Kentucky.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Emergency Preparedness
Advertisements

Establishing and Maintaining Lawns
Maintaining the Lawn.
Sexual plant propagation. Propagation of plants from seeds w Composition of seeds w Seed coat- outside covering which protects embryonic plant w endosperm-
Choosing Grass & Forage Species For Pasture Dean Oswald Animal Systems Educator Macomb Extension Center.
Tall Fescue Seed Production In Southern Missouri Dave Danker Buchheit Inc.
Module #6 Forage Management Pine Silvopasture in the Southeast.
INTRODUCTION Figure 1: Seedling germination success by planting technique plus rainfall amount and date at the Poolesville location during fall BC.
MAKING FORAGES WORK IN TODAY’S PRODUCTION ENVIRONMENT Jon Repair Extension Agent, Crop and Soil Science Virginia Cooperative Extension.
Soil Fertility and Pasture Fertilization Les Vough Forage Crops Extension Specialist Emeritus INAG 116.
Level II Agricultural Business Operations.  92% of agricultural land in Northern Ireland is in grass  Grass is the cheapest feed for dairy cows  Maximise.
Soil Tillage, Land Preparation, and Conservation
Recovering From The Drought Of How Would You Rate Your 2007 Forage Management Performance 1,2 or 3 Did your management decisions for 2007 weaken.
Student Learning Objectives 1. Explain site preparation for establishing turfgrass. 2. Describe how turfgrass is established by seeding. 3. Describe how.
Turfgrass Management. What is turfgrass? Turf -- the plants in a ground cover and the soil in which the roots grow Turfgrass -- a collection of grass.
Establishing and Maintaining Lawns Competencies
Grass Growth and Pasture Management Part of the Ruminant Livestock: Facing New Economic Realities Meetings.
Grassland Management for Stud Farms – A Practical Approach Fiona Mc Kenna B.Agr.Sc., M.Sc.
Seedbed and Seed drill This training was prepared by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) team of Sarah Librea-USDA Foreign Agricultural Service (Development.
Weed Management Strategies Lily Lake Organic Farm Maple Park, IL Dave Campbell.
Fertilizing Pastures Gene Pirelli Oregon State University.
Cropping Practices that Influence Weed Management
Preparing a seedbed for Canola By: Nicholas Dee Scott.
Vegetation Establishment. Exposed soil occurs on all construction sites.
What element should you use if you would like to lower the pH in your soil?
CATO ANALYTICS, LLC WITH FUNDING FROM THE NEW YORK FARM VIABILITY INSTITUTE. ESTABLISHING ENERGY SORGHUM AS A PROFITABLE CASH CROP IN NEW YORK STATE.
Turfgrass Establishment and Care. Turfgrass can be used for a variety of things Erosion Control Sports Lawns Pasture.
Objective: Remember North Carolina turf grass types.
Chad Lee © 2006 University of Kentucky 1 Wheat Planting Presentation by: Chad Lee, Grain Crops Extension Specialist University of Kentucky.
Selecting and Establishing Forages in Georgia Wade Hutcheson UGA Extension - Spalding County Agent Dennis Hancock, PhD. Extension Forage Specialist UGA.
USDA Special Thanks: Rhonda Miller, Utah State University USDA.
The Ecology & Management of Serrated Tussock in Native Pastures Warwick Badgery & David Kemp The University of Sydney Orange.
Grow It & Eat It March 17, 2012 Sponsored by the James City County/Williamsburg Master Gardeners.
1.Soil test and apply lime as needed months prior to planting or sprigging. 2.Mow or tightly graze existing vegetation at least 8.
John Fouts Start Your Pasture Right.
Growing Corn Moldova 2015 The Most Important Thing You Need to Learn at This Seminar!  “As to the methods there may be a million and then some, but.
Reducing Tillage in Organic Production Systems Anu Rangarajan, Cornell University
Canola Planting Brad True.
Grassland – Part 3. Direct Sowing  Best and most reliable way to obtain a ley.  The seedbed is prepared by ploughing and harrowing.  It should be very.
Overseeding TRF 230. Why Overseed Bermuda goes dormant Green color Traffic tolerance Economic reasons.
 Improved animal performance  High yielding  Renovating cool season pasture  Double cropping system  Emergency situations  “Salvage crop” Advantages.
Texas High Plains Canola Dr. Sangu Angadi, NMSU-Clovis Dr. Calvin Trostle, AgriLife-Lubbock SA, , CT, ,
Resource or Product?. Forage Management Unit for Adults Lesson 2: Establishing Forages.
Ten Must For a Forage Program Know Animal Nutritional Needs and Forage Options Stage of Pregnancy Stage of Lactation Body Weight of Livestock Animal Age.
Authors - Kim Goodwin, Project Specialist Roger Sheley, Associate Professor Janet Clark, Director, Center for Invasive Plant Management Department Editor.
Alfalfa Production in Georgia (or similar areas in the South)
Organic matter contribution Improved drainage Decreased salinity and leaching Better water use in following crops The Rotational Benefits of Forages: Soil.
Seed Germination. How does this work? = Compare Starting Fire Starting Seed Oxygen Oxygen Fuel Fuel Spark Spark Environment Environment.
Pasture Management II Mid-Atlantic Equine Pasture Initiative Dr. Amy Burk University of Maryland.
II.Basic Forage Establishment and Physiology. Dennis Hancock, PhD. Extension Forage Specialist UGA – Dept. of Crop and Soil Sciences Dennis Hancock, PhD.
Soil Cultivation and Tillage. What is Tillage? The practice of keeping the soil mellow (soft) and free from weeds mechanically (physically). The practice.
Managing Your Pasture Joyce E. Meader Dairy/ Livestock Educator Cooperative Extension, U. Conn.
Spring Agronomy Reminders Early Season Stress in Corn.
Nursery Management and Seedling Production
Making Your Fertilizer Investment Less Risky and More Efficient Dennis Hancock, PhD. Extension Forage Agronomist UGA – Dept. of Crop and Soil Sciences.
Weed Control If coming from Tillage, spraying is probably not necessary. If coming from Grass or heavy weeds, spraying is vital. Perennial weeds have to.
Arco Cool Season Grass Fertilizer Program. © 2015 ARCO Lawn Equipment For Discussion Purposes Only Program Steps Steps  1. Pre-emergent (Barricade) 
Unit 7: Tillage & Seeding
Pastures. Pasture Management Worksheet (p.9) If you have pastures: – How many acres? – Owned/ Rented.
Lawn Establishment and Care Utah Agricultural Education Landscape Management.
Alfalfa Planting and Production Management Dr. Bruce Anderson University of Nebraska-Lincoln.
August 2008 Preparing the Planting Site Developed by: Dr. Teri Hamlin Georgia Department of Education.
Understanding Forages Karen Hutchinson Virginia Cooperative Extension This is a presentation from Virginia Tech and it has not been edited by the Georgia.
Step 3: Choosing Vegetables
Wildflower Meadow Guidelines
“Sowing the seeds of love.” -Tears for Fears 38.00
Wheat: Harvest and Review of Steps for Good Wheat Management
Grazing Basics Central Wisconsin Grazing Meetings March 2008
Leaving Certificate Agricultural Science
Earl Creech, Extension Agronomist Utah State University
Presentation transcript:

Forage Establishment Dr. Ray Smith and Dr. Garry Lacefield Forage Extension Specialists University of Kentucky

Establishment Basics Site SelectionSite Selection Soil Fertility and FertilizationSoil Fertility and Fertilization Seedbed PreparationSeedbed Preparation Seeding OperationSeeding Operation New Stand ManagementNew Stand Management Site SelectionSite Selection Soil Fertility and FertilizationSoil Fertility and Fertilization Seedbed PreparationSeedbed Preparation Seeding OperationSeeding Operation New Stand ManagementNew Stand Management

Site Selection

Address Soil Fertility Soil Test!Soil Test! LimeLime PhosphorousPhosphorous PotassiumPotassium Minor nutrientsMinor nutrients Discuss practical fertilization.Discuss practical fertilization. Soil Test!Soil Test! LimeLime PhosphorousPhosphorous PotassiumPotassium Minor nutrientsMinor nutrients Discuss practical fertilization.Discuss practical fertilization.

Maintain Phosphorus and Potassium

Maintain Correct Soil pH

Not Inoculated Inoculated

PlantingPlanting Seed Treatments and Flow Rate Lime Coatings Increase Flow Rate of SeedLime Coatings Increase Flow Rate of Seed Amount Varies by Coating Manufacturer and Drill TypeAmount Varies by Coating Manufacturer and Drill Type Range of Increase Measured was 17 to 33% for ‘Tye’-type SeederRange of Increase Measured was 17 to 33% for ‘Tye’-type Seeder Lime Coatings Increase Flow Rate of SeedLime Coatings Increase Flow Rate of Seed Amount Varies by Coating Manufacturer and Drill TypeAmount Varies by Coating Manufacturer and Drill Type Range of Increase Measured was 17 to 33% for ‘Tye’-type SeederRange of Increase Measured was 17 to 33% for ‘Tye’-type Seeder

Seeding Rate He who sows sparingly shall also reap sparingly AGR-18 Forage Pocket Guide

Seeding Date Spring –Legumes Fall –Grasses AGR-18

Seedbed Preparation Prepared seedbed No-till + herbicide Broadcasting Prepared seedbed No-till + herbicide Broadcasting

Seedbed: Fine and Firm

Seeding Depth Shallow! ¼ to ½ inch

Broadcast Seedings Good for clover (Frost seeding especially) The more bare ground, the better Outside force is necessary –Freezing and Thawing –Cattle traffic No for Alfalfa (unless prepared seedbed and cultipacking afterwards).

Residue Reduction and Sod Suppression

graze close before seeding

Clover vs. Alfalfa Frost Seeding

CONTROLLING COMPETITION After Germination

Maximizing Success With Broadcast Clover Seedings Get soil fertility levels up –Especially P and pH Hold back existing grass Show some dirt! Get seed out when there are still 4 to 6 weeks of night temperature below 32 degrees. –Mid-February good goal Manage grass competition after emergence Get soil fertility levels up –Especially P and pH Hold back existing grass Show some dirt! Get seed out when there are still 4 to 6 weeks of night temperature below 32 degrees. –Mid-February good goal Manage grass competition after emergence

No-Till Generally always better than ‘frost seedings” Killed sod needed for alfalfa Clovers can be drilled into overgrazed sod with success Drill setup is crucial

No-Till Drill More effort and attention to detail More consistent results –putting seed in contact with soil Can be successful in spring or fall

Best method for alfalfa and grasses Suppress sod and reduce residue Calibrate drill prior to seeding Check and recheck seeding depth –don’t take somebody’s word –seeding depth should never be deeper than 1/2” –general rule: if you can’t see a little seed along slit, then you are going too deep Control competition after seeding

Sod Suppression with Herbicide for Alfalfa and Grasses Sod Suppression with Herbicide for Alfalfa and Grasses

Traditional Spray/Smother/Spray Approach

Double Roundup Application

Alfalfa into Fescue Sod Alfalfa Into Suppressed Fescue Sod: Green County Gramoxone – 1.7 pt/acre mid March Gramoxone – 1.0 pt/acre early April Seeded alfalfa within a few days of last spray.

Roundup Ready Alfalfa

Minimum Tillage Graze pasture hard to reduce residue Disturb 40-60% of the sod –light disking, field cultivator or other tillage implement Broadcast seed or use conventional drill Cultipack to get good soil-seed contact Control competition –grazing or clipping

Livestock Seeding Feed seed to livestock –legumes work better than grass Stands not uniform –4 day rotation it takes 4-5 years to get 1 manure pile/yd 2 Germination high on pat, actual establishment can be low –roots do not penetrate soil Seed inoculation is difficult

Don’t Overgraze New Seedlings

Allow stands to get established before heavily used

Reasons Why Seedings Fail Adverse Weather Competition Poor Seedbed Preparation Poor Seeding Techniques Low Quality Seed Unadapted Varieties Adverse Weather Competition Poor Seedbed Preparation Poor Seeding Techniques Low Quality Seed Unadapted Varieties Seedling Diseases Insects Failure to Inoculate Low Soils and Fertility Poor Physical Conditions of Soil Grazing New Seedings Early/Excessively Seedling Diseases Insects Failure to Inoculate Low Soils and Fertility Poor Physical Conditions of Soil Grazing New Seedings Early/Excessively