A PROJECT REPORT PRESENTATION ON DETERMINATION OF SEVERITY AND INCIDENCE OF COMMON BEAN RUST NAME; OTSIENO ODIPO MATTHEW A22/0037/2007 SUPERVISOR; Dr. Muthomi

INTRODUCTION Common bean is a legume in the family leguminosae. Common bean rust has a world wide distribution. Ideal conditions are cool to moderate temperatures for spores to develop. Disease incidence is the proportion of individual sampling units on which the disease is present.

Cont….. Disease severity is how much disease that is present within a sampling area. Common bean rust is caused by a fungus, Uromyces appendiculatus. The fungus completes its entire life cycle on the bean host. It occurs on aerial parts of the bean plant.

PHOTOGRAPHS OF COMMON BEAN RUST

Cont..

PROBLEM STATEMENT Common bean rust is a major limitation in bean production as a result of the effects it causes. These effects include; loss in yield, loss in the quality of produce and increase in the cost of production of beans. JUSTIFICATION My research is intended to come up with better ways and methods of controlling bean rust in beans

Broad objectives To determine incidence and severity of common bean rust at the field station Specific objective To determine the effect of common bean rust on the quality of produce at the field station

MATERIALS AND METHODS Determination of disease severity Four plots prepared Four rows planted per plot For control, the field divided into halves to establish two treatments One not treated and the other one treated with a fungicide, Oshothane [Mancozeb 80 wp] Individual plants observed

Cont… Disease incidence All plants in the two halves were counted independently Out of the counted plants, those infected with rust were identified and counted The infected plants were then substracted from the total number of plants in the field

RESULTS Results were taken in three stages of bean growth The stages were early stage, mid stage and during the stage of pod formation Results were analyzed using anova Gens tat was used as a statistical tool

Table [a] showing the effect of fungicide on disease severity treatmentSampling period Mean severity% decrease over control T T % cv 34.1 lcd1.68

Graph [a] showing the effect of fungicide on severity

Table [b] showing the effect of fungicide on Disease incidence TreatmentSampling period Mean severity% decrease over control T T % cv18.8 lcd1.48

Graph [b] showing the effect of fungicide on disease incidence

DISCUSSION Favorable environmental conditions promoted common bean rust Rust was first detected at the mid stage of bean growth Rust increased significantly at the stage of pod formation Towards maturity, severity decreased[graph a]

Cont… The decrease was due to presence of fewer leaves due to senescence on lower leaves On unsprayed halve, both the incidence and severity was high[graph [a] and graph [b] On the sprayed halve, both severity and incidence were low [graph a and graph b] Fungicide hence reduced both the severity and incidence of common bean rust

CONCLUSION Adequate moisture and cool conditions favors common bean rust Fungicides reduce both the incidence and severity of common bean rust Both severity and incidence were high during the stage of pod formation