Seafaring Traders Minoans and Phoenicians

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Presentation transcript:

Seafaring Traders Minoans and Phoenicians Spreading Culture Beyond the Fertile Crescent

Minoans Powerful seafaring people Dominated trade in the Mediterranean 2000 BCE-1400 BCE Based on island of Crete Cities unfortified

Minoan Culture Knossos: Capital Colorful painted walls Women Sacrifice Advanced and thriving culture King Minos Colorful painted walls Athletic people Loved nature Boxing, wrestling, bull jumping Women In religious ceremonies, priestesses Mother Earth Goddess Sacrifice Bulls and other animals Sometimes people

Minoan’s Mysterious End Natural disaster? Over population? Invasion? Had previously withstood earthquakes 1470 BCE earthquake and volcano Didn’t rebuild Lasted another 300 years Invaders from Greece may have taken advantage of a weakened state

The Phoenicians Rose to power after Crete Modern Lebanon Founded a number of wealthy city-states: important trading centers Shipbuilders/seafarers first to pass straights of Gibraltar Africa?

Commercial Outposts Cities 30 miles apart Sidon and Tyre: purple dye (murex snails) Berytus and Byblos: Papyrus Sicily, Sardinia, and Spain: Fish Carthage (North Africa) Trade Goods: wine, weapons, precious metals, ivory, and slaves

Great Legacy: The Alphabet Needed to record transactions quickly Symbols represent sounds (Phonetic) Aleph beth Introduced writing to trade partners Simplified writing made literacy more accessible Assyrians captured Eastern cities and homeland controlled by the Babylonians alphabet stuck around