Are you keeping up?  Did you turned in your parent signed syllabus? (assigned Thursday O6MAR)  Have you turned in The Quest for Clean Water article questions and graphic organizer? (assigned Friday O7MAR)  Have you completed the graphic organizer on Freshwater vs. Salt Water and Surface Water vs. Groundwater? (assigned Tuesday 11MAR)  Have you completed the Criss-Cross Puzzle (due Friday 14MAR)  Is your Reading Guide completed through section 6? Today Thursday 13MAR14 Unit 4 Section 2 The Global Water Cycle PowerPoint Worksheet – How Much Water Does it Take?

8.Water covers about three-quarters of Earth's surface and is a necessary element for life. 9.During their constant cycling between land, the oceans, and the atmosphere, water molecules pass repeatedly through solid, liquid, and gaseous phases but the total liquid, and gaseous phases but the total supply remains fairly constant. supply remains fairly constant.

10.Water vapor redistributes energy from the sun around the globe through atmospheric circulation. Why does the happen? This happens because water absorbs a lot of energy when it changes its state from liquid to gas.

Niagara Falls American Falls on the left, Horseshoe Falls on the right and Bridal Veil Falls located to the left of American Falls Located on the Niagara River, which drains Lake Erie into Lake Ontario, the combined falls form the highest flow rate of any waterfall in the world, with a vertical drop of more than 165 ft. Niagara Falls is the largest falls on the globe.

" frozen " Niagara Falls in January, 2014.

Niagara Falls frozen Video /jan/09/niagara-falls-freezes-over-us-cold- video /jan/09/niagara-falls-freezes-over-us-cold- video

11. Define latent heat. The increased energy contained within water vapor after it has evaporated from liquid water. 12. What moves latent heat around Earth? Atmospheric circulation Atmospheric circulation What causes latent heat to be released? Latent heat is released when water vapor condenses and produces rain.

13.What affects can human intervention have on our water supply? Humans can alter the flux of water out of one store of water to another. Humans can alter the flux of water out of one store of water to another. We can deplete the stores of We can deplete the stores of water that are most usable. water that are most usable. We pollute water making it not We pollute water making it not suitable for human use and is suitable for human use and is harmful to ecosystems. harmful to ecosystems.

14. State the three basic steps in the global water cycle. (1) water precipitates from the atmosphere (2) water travels on the surface and through groundwater to the oceans groundwater to the oceans (3) water evaporates or transpires back to the atmosphere from land or evaporates from the atmosphere from land or evaporates from the oceans. oceans.

15.What is freshwater and why does it exits? Freshwater is water without a significant salt content. It exists because precipitation is greater than evaporation on land.

16. How is groundwater formed and what is it? Groundwater is formed from precipitation that is not transpired by plants or evaporated. It is the water that infiltrates through soils, flowing through rocks and sediments and discharging into rivers.

17. Rivers are primarily supplied by groundwater, and in turn provide most of the freshwater discharge to the sea. Over the oceans evaporation is greater than precipitation, so the net effect is a transfer of water back to the atmosphere. In this way freshwater resources are continually renewed by counterbalancing differences between evaporation and precipitation on land and at sea, and the transport of water vapor in the atmosphere from the sea to the land.

18. Nearly 97 percent of the world's water supply by volume is held in the oceans. The other large reserves are groundwater (4 percent) and icecaps and glaciers (2 percent), with all other water bodies together accounting for a fraction of 1 percent. Residence times vary from several thousand years in the oceans to a few days in the atmosphere.

19. Solar radiation drives evaporation by heating water so that it changes to water vapor at a faster rate. This process consumes an enormous amount of energy— nearly one-third of the incoming solar energy that reaches Earth's surface.

20. On land, most evaporation occurs as transpiration through plants: water is taken up through roots and evaporates through stomata in the leaves as the plant takes in CO 2. A single large oak tree can transpire up to 40,000 gallons per year. Much of the water moving through the hydrologic cycle thus is involved with plant growth 20. On land, most evaporation occurs as transpiration through plants: water is taken up through roots and evaporates through stomata in the leaves as the plant takes in CO 2. A single large oak tree can transpire up to 40,000 gallons per year. Much of the water moving through the hydrologic cycle thus is involved with plant growth.

21. Since evaporation is driven by heat, it rises and falls with seasonal temperatures. In temperate regions, water stores rise and fall with seasonal evaporation rates, so that net atmospheric input (precipitation minus evaporation) can vary from positive to negative.

22. The hydrologic cycle is also coupled with material cycles because rainfall erodes and weathers rock.

23. Weathering breaks down rocks into gravel, sand, and sediments, and is an important source of key nutrients such as calcium and sulfur.

24. Estimates from river outflows indicate that some 17 billion tons of material are transported into the oceans each year, of which about 80 percent is particulate and 20 percent is dissolved.