EN Regional Policy EUROPEAN COMMISSION Impact evaluation: some introductory words Daniel Mouqué Evaluation unit, DG REGIO Brussels, November 2008
Regional Policy EUROPEAN COMMISSION Evaluation Traditional tools include: Quantitative data, used descriptively: –Expenditure –Outputs (60% of indicators) –Results (eg jobs created) usually gross Qualitative methods (description, expert opinions, surveys) Macro-models – model, do not measure (« generic » actions, eg road building) Havent we always measured impact?
Regional Policy EUROPEAN COMMISSION Evaluation Observation, Description, Expert opinions… … all essential scientific methods, but…
Regional Policy EUROPEAN COMMISSION Evaluation Another essential scientific tool: comparison with control group Think drug trial A B C D
Regional Policy EUROPEAN COMMISSION Evaluation « Experimental » ie random selection of who to treat: potentially difficult 2.« Quasi-experimental » methods: Difference-in-difference Matching (eg by observed similarities) Where do you find your control group?
Regional Policy EUROPEAN COMMISSION Evaluation Strengths – rigour, quantification Weaknesses – establishing a control group, the black box problem => Suitable for discrete interventions with lots of units (eg aid to individuals, enterprises), not whole programmes or infrastructure => Tells you what/how much – combine with realistic evaluation for why/how? Strengths, weaknesses & applications
Regional Policy EUROPEAN COMMISSION Evaluation Accountability & public money – our duty to use all the tools available Convincing evidence for limited budgets Goal theory – those who are serious, measure progress Why impact evaluation, comparison/control groups?
Regional Policy EUROPEAN COMMISSION Evaluation In sum – one of several essential tools