The Earth-Moon-Sun System

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Presentation transcript:

The Earth-Moon-Sun System

Rotation vs. Revolution Rotation – the spinning of a body on its axis Revolution – the motion of a body along a path around some point in space

Precession The slight movement of Earth’s axis over a period of 26,000 years

Seasons Caused because Earth’s axis is tilted 23.5 degrees Summer – N. Hemisphere is farthest from sun Winter – N. Hemisphere is closest to sun

The moon does not make it’s own light. It reflects sunlight. Moon Shine The moon does not make it’s own light. It reflects sunlight.

Waxing & Waning Waxing – Light side gets larger Waning – Light side gets smaller New Moon First Quarter Full Moon Third Quarter New Moon Animation

Phases of the Moon

Eclipses Lunar: The shadow from Earth blocks the light from the sun. Lunar = Moon goes dark. Solar: The shadow from the Moon blocks the light from the sun. Solar = Sun goes dark.

Umbra & Penumbra The Moon & Earth cast 2 shadows. The darkest is the Umbra. The lighter is the Penumbra.

The Origin of the Moon It is widely believed that the moon was formed when a Mars sized object smashed into the early Earth.

The Lunar Surface Craters – round depressions in the surface of the moon – most were produced by the impact of rapidly moving debris

Highlands – densely pitted, light-colored areas that cover most of the lunar surface

Maria – dark, smooth surfaces – originated when asteroids punctured the lunar surface, letting magma bleed out

Lunar Regolith – a soil-like layer of gray debris covering the surface of the moon – made up of rocks, glass beads, and fine lunar dust

Tides Tides are the regular rise and fall of the ocean, caused by the moon’s gravitational pull on Earth. Spring Tide- sun, earth, moon in straight line and change between high and low tides are greatest Neap Tide- sun and moon are pulling at earth at right angles resulting in little change in low and high tides

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